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Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Contact-Free Co-Culture Model for the Study of Innate Immune Cell Activation During Respiratory Virus Infection
Published on: February 28, 2021
Innate immune receptors drive dengue virus immune activation and disease
Joris Sprokholt1,2,1,2, Leanne C Helgers1,2,1,2, Teunis Bh Geijtenbeek1,2,1,2
1Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Abstract:
Dengue is a worldwide disease with 400 million annual infections that can lead to septic shock and viral hemorrhagic fever with internal bleeding. These symptoms are the result of uncontrolled immune activation. Macrophages and dendritic cells are the main target of dengue virus (DENV) and the cellular source of cytokines associated with this immune activation. Macrophages and dendritic cells express several innate immune receptors that have been implicated in DENV immune activation, of which, CLEC5A, RIG-I and MDA5 are most important. Notably, activation of these receptors have profound effects on adaptive immune responses against DENV. This review will focus on how innate immune receptors drive DENV immune activation by inducing inflammatory cytokines and by activating adaptive immune responses.
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