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Updated: Feb 8, 2026
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A Novel Human Epithelial Enteroid Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Published on: April 10, 2019
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Nutrition Management of Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Vikram J Christian1, Elizabeth Polzin2, Scott Welak3
1Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
Summary
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in premature infants is multifactorial, with nutrition playing a key role. Cautious reintroduction of enteral feeds post-recovery, including distal intestinal refeeding for ostomy patients, is crucial for preventing complications.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal Medicine
- Pediatric Gastroenterology
- Clinical Nutrition
Background:
- Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a leading cause of severe illness and death in premature infants.
- The etiology of NEC is complex, involving gastrointestinal immaturity, inflammation, and enteral feeding.
- Nutrition management is critical in NEC, with enteral feeding introduction and advancement being a primary modifiable risk factor.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the critical role of nutrition in managing necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in premature infants.
- To discuss the optimal timing and methods for reintroducing enteral feeds after NEC recovery.
- To explore the potential benefits of distal intestinal refeeding in infants with an enterostomy.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on nutritional strategies in NEC.
- Analysis of current evidence regarding enteral feeding resumption post-NEC.
- Examination of case studies and research on distal intestinal refeeding.
Main Results:
- Enteral nutrition is vital in NEC management, and its careful advancement is a key modifiable risk factor.
- Resuming enteral feeds cautiously after NEC recovery is essential to avoid complications from prolonged parenteral nutrition.
- Refeeding the distal intestine with ostomy output in patients with an enterostomy may promote bowel growth and prevent long-term issues.
Conclusions:
- Optimal nutritional strategies, including the timing and composition of enteral feeds, are crucial for NEC management and recovery.
- Individualized feeding plans based on NEC severity are necessary.
- Distal intestinal refeeding presents a promising approach for infants with an enterostomy to improve outcomes.
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