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Dose Size and Dosing Frequency: Determination Methods01:21

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Determining the optimal dose size and dosing frequency in pharmacotherapy is crucial for achieving therapeutic effectiveness while minimizing adverse effects. This article explores the methodologies employed in determining these parameters, focusing on their significance and interplay to tailor dosing regimens.Dose Size: Dose size refers to the amount of a drug administered in a single dose. It is determined based on the drug's pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics properties and...
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A loading dose is an essential pharmacological strategy to rapidly achieve the target plasma drug concentration necessary for an immediate therapeutic effect. This approach is especially critical for drugs characterized by slow absorption or extended half-lives, where delaying therapeutic plasma levels could compromise treatment outcomes. By administering a loading dose, clinicians ensure a prompt onset of drug action, even for agents with complex pharmacokinetic profiles.Achieving steady-state...
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DPI formulations for high dose applications - Challenges and opportunities.

Regina Scherließ1, Christian Etschmann1

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Kiel University, Grasweg 9a, 24118 Kiel, Germany.

International Journal of Pharmaceutics
|June 26, 2018
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High dose dry powder inhaler (DPI) applications present unique challenges and opportunities. This review explores solutions for high dose DPIs to advance respiratory medicine.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical technology
  • Respiratory drug delivery
  • Inhaler technology

Background:

  • Dry powder inhalers (DPIs) are crucial for respiratory drug delivery.
  • Delivering high doses of medication via DPIs presents significant formulation and device challenges.
  • Optimizing high dose DPIs is essential for effective treatment of various respiratory diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the rationale for high dose DPI applications.
  • To identify key challenges associated with high dose DPI development.
  • To present potential opportunities and solutions for overcoming these challenges.

Main Methods:

  • This is an opinion piece, not based on experimental data.
  • It synthesizes current knowledge and expert perspectives on high dose DPIs.
  • It sets the stage for future in-depth reviews and research.

Main Results:

  • High dose DPIs are feasible and necessary for certain therapeutic needs.
  • Key challenges include powder properties, device design, and in vivo performance.
  • Opportunities lie in advanced formulation strategies and innovative device engineering.

Conclusions:

  • Addressing the challenges of high dose DPIs is critical for improving patient outcomes.
  • Further research and development are needed to fully realize the potential of high dose DPIs.
  • This work will guide future investigations in the field, contributing to a special issue of IJP.