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Related Experiment Video

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The Relationship between White Matter and Reading Acquisition, Refinement and Maintenance.

Kulpreet Cheema1, Jacqueline Cummine1,2,

  • 1Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

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|June 26, 2018
PubMed
Summary

White-matter tracts in the brain change how they relate to reading skills as people age. Early reading relies on dorsal tracts, while later reading involves ventral tracts, with right-hemisphere involvement noted.

Keywords:
Mean diffusivityArcuate fasciculusFractional anisotropyInferior fronto-occipital fasciculusInferior longitudinal fasciculusMyelinationReading developmentSuperior longitudinal fasciculusUncinate fasciculusWhite matter

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience

Background:

  • Reading acquisition necessitates intricate communication across cortical brain regions.
  • White-matter pathways connect these regions and mature during the reading development process.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between white-matter tract integrity and reading performance across the lifespan.
  • To examine developmental changes in brain-behavior associations related to reading.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study of 3-21 year olds using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).
  • DTI measures (fractional anisotropy, diffusivity) of dorsal and ventral white-matter tracts were analyzed.
  • Reading performance was assessed and correlated with DTI measures.

Main Results:

  • In early readers (3-6 yrs), dorsal tracts positively correlated with reading performance.
  • In older children (6-10 yrs), dorsal tracts remained associated, and ventral tracts emerged as significant.
  • In adults (>10 yrs), dorsal tracts lost correlation, and right ventral tracts showed an inverse relationship (higher FA, lower performance).

Conclusions:

  • White-matter tract associations with reading performance evolve significantly across development.
  • These changes may reflect underlying biological processes like myelination and synaptic pruning.
  • Both left and right hemispheric tracts play roles in reading acquisition and maintenance.