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Related Concept Videos

Chirality02:25

Chirality

29.7K
Chirality is a term that describes the lack of mirror symmetry in an object. In other words, chiral objects cannot be superposed on their mirror images. For example, our feet are chiral, as the mirror image of the left foot, the right foot, cannot be superposed on the left foot.
Chiral objects exhibit a sense of handedness when they interact with another chiral object. For example, our left foot can only fit in the left shoe and not in the right shoe. Achiral objects — objects that have...
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Chirality in Nature02:30

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Chirality is the most intriguing yet essential facet of nature, governing life’s biochemical processes and precision. It can be observed from a snail shell pattern in a macroscopic world to an amino acid, the minutest building block of life. Most of the snails around the world have right-coiled shells because of the intrinsic chirality in their genes. All the amino acids present in the human body exist in an enantiomerically pure state, except for glycine - the sole achiral amino acid.
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NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling01:08

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The spin state of an NMR-active nucleus can have a slight effect on its immediate electronic environment. This effect propagates through the intervening bonds and affects the electronic environments of NMR-active nuclei up to three bonds away; occasionally, even farther. This phenomenon is called spin–spin coupling or J-coupling. Coupling interactions are mutual and result in small changes in the absorption frequencies of both nuclei involved. While nuclei of the same element are involved...
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Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

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Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
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Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

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In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must...
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The psychodynamic perspective in psychology asserts that most personality functions operate unconsciously, outside of awareness. This means that the motives and emotions driving behavior often remain hidden, automatically buried in the unconscious mind as a defense mechanism to shield us from psychological distress. According to this theory, the unconscious mind contains thoughts, memories, and emotions that are too disturbing to face directly.
Psychodynamic theorists argue that unconscious...
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Development of Heterogeneous Enantioselective Catalysts using Chiral Metal-Organic Frameworks MOFs
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Chirality and Spin: A Different Perspective on Enantioselective Interactions.

Ron Naaman1, Yossi Paltiel2, David H Waldeck3

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biological Physics Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot Israel 76100;,

Chimia
|June 27, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Electron spin plays a novel role in intermolecular forces due to the chiral induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect. Spin polarization in chiral molecules influences interactions with other molecules and surfaces.

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Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Molecular Physics
  • Surface Science

Background:

  • Chiral molecules exhibit unique electronic properties.
  • The chiral induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect links electron movement in chiral molecules to spin polarization.
  • Understanding intermolecular forces is crucial in chemistry and physics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a new perspective on the role of electron spin in intermolecular forces involving chiral molecules.
  • To highlight the influence of the CISS effect on chiral molecule interactions.
  • To review experimental evidence for spin polarization in chiral systems.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and experimental data.
  • Theoretical consideration of spin-polarized electron interactions.
  • Analysis of charge and spin polarization in chiral molecules.

Main Results:

  • Electron spin polarization accompanies charge polarization in chiral molecules.
  • The spin direction is dependent on molecular handedness.
  • Spin polarization introduces an enantioselective term to intermolecular interaction potentials.
  • Spin polarization affects the magnetic moment of ferromagnetic substrates.

Conclusions:

  • Electron spin, via the CISS effect, significantly impacts intermolecular forces.
  • Chiral induced spin selectivity offers a new paradigm for understanding molecular interactions.
  • This spin-dependent interaction has implications for chiral molecule-surface phenomena.