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Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Evaluating the Effects of Different Polishing Methods on Color Stability of Dental Restorations in Pediatric Dentistry
Published on: June 6, 2025
Application of Multilevel Models in Dentistry
Mohammad Javad Kharazifard1, Kurosh Holakouie-Naieni2, Mohammad Ali Mansournia3
1PhD Candidate of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract:
Multilevel analysis which was primarily introduced to deal with hierarchical data was later applied extensively for research in other fields of science and not only for nested data, but also for repeated measurements or clustered trials. This method of statistical analysis was applied in dental studies in the 1991 for the first time but despite its value for data analysis in dental studies, its application for dental studies remains limited until now. This manuscript reviews the applications of this method in dental studies.
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