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Beamforming algorithms for endocardial border detection.

Robert Kulina1, Karthik Seetharam1, Sunil Agarwal1

  • 1Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Software-based beamforming improved echocardiogram image quality and visualization of heart segments compared to standard hardware. This advanced technique reduced the need for echo contrast agents in patients.

Keywords:
2D echocardiographycardiac imagingtransthoracic echocardiography

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Signal Processing
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Software-based beamforming uses delay and standard beamforming to process probe element data, enhancing image resolution by improving specular reflections.
  • A comparison was made between a software algorithm employing delay and standard beamforming and conventional hardware-based delay and sum beamforming.
  • The study aimed to evaluate endocardial border delineation and the necessity of echocardiographic contrast agents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effectiveness of software-based beamforming with standard hardware beamforming in transthoracic echocardiography.
  • To assess the visualization of myocardial segments and overall image quality.
  • To determine the impact of software-based beamforming on the requirement for contrast enhancement.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study enrolled 101 adult patients undergoing clinically indicated transthoracic echocardiograms.
  • A limited echocardiographic study (apical 4, 3, and 2 chamber views) was performed using both software-based and standard hardware platforms.
  • Visualization and quality of myocardial segments were assessed using a 17-segment model, with quality graded (0-2). Overall study quality was also scored (0-2).

Main Results:

  • The software platform visualized significantly more segments across apical 4-, 3-, and 2-chamber views compared to the standard platform (P < .001 for all).
  • Average overall image quality scores were significantly higher with the software platform (1.4) versus the standard platform (0.9) (P < .001).
  • The need for contrast agents was reduced by nearly half, with 23% of studies requiring contrast with the software platform compared to 45% with the standard platform (P < .001).

Conclusions:

  • Software-based delay and standard beamforming enhances the visualization of myocardial segments and improves image quality compared to standard high-end hardware platforms.
  • This software approach significantly decreases the reliance on echocardiographic contrast agents.
  • The findings suggest a valuable role for software-based beamforming in routine echocardiography for improved diagnostic accuracy and efficiency.