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Updated: Feb 8, 2026

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Solitary functioning kidney in children: clinical implications.

Veerbhadra Radhakrishna1, Krishna Kumar Govindarajan1, Kumaravel Sambandan1

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This summary is machine-generated.

Children with solitary functioning kidney (SFK) face significant long-term health issues, particularly when congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) are present. Early detection and consistent follow-up are crucial for managing these complex pediatric cases.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Urology
  • Medical Research

Background:

  • Solitary functioning kidney (SFK) in children can lead to long-term complications not extensively documented.
  • The impact of co-occurring congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) on renal function in SFK patients requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causes, clinical presentation, and associated CAKUT in children diagnosed with SFK.
  • To assess the degree of renal damage and functional compromise in pediatric SFK cases.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study included pediatric patients with SFK presenting between March 2014 and May 2016.
  • Patients with malignancy were excluded to focus on non-cancerous conditions.

Main Results:

  • Out of 20 SFK patients, 14 had primary SFK (agenesis or multicystic dysplastic kidney) and 6 had secondary SFK (due to obstructions or reflux).
  • Eight patients (40%) had associated CAKUT, with 50% exhibiting reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR), indicating compromised renal function. UTI and hypertension were also noted.
  • While 20% were asymptomatic, 40% experienced urinary tract infections (UTI) and 30% had hypertension.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric SFK patients exhibit high morbidity, especially when associated with ipsilateral CAKUT.
  • Long-term, periodic follow-up is vital for improving clinical outcomes in children with SFK and CAKUT.