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Can neutral dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) decrease occurrence of clinical periparturient hypocalcaemia in

E Bani Hassan1,2, M Nouri3, S Vogrin1

  • 1Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science and Department of Medicine - Western Health, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Australia.

Australian Veterinary Journal
|June 27, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Adjusting the dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) to neutral levels in dairy cattle rations significantly reduced milk fever incidence. This approach may improve animal health and feed intake by decreasing unpalatable acidogenic salts.

Keywords:
calcium homeostasisdairy cattledietary cation-anion differencehypocalcaemiamilk feverparturient paresis

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Science
  • Dairy Nutrition
  • Ruminant Physiology

Background:

  • Dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) adjustment is key for calcium homeostasis in periparturient dairy cattle.
  • Recommended negative DCAD values can decrease feed intake and cause metabolic acidosis.
  • Peripartum challenges like hormonal shifts and negative energy balance are exacerbated by reduced feed intake from unpalatable acidogenic salts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between DCAD values in dairy cattle rations and the prevalence of parturient paresis (milk fever).
  • To evaluate the impact of varying DCAD levels on milk fever incidence in intensive dairy herds.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study analyzed rations from 6949 dry cows across eight dairy herds.
  • Sodium, potassium, chlorine, and sulfur concentrations were measured to calculate DCAD.
  • Parturient paresis prevalence was recorded and correlated with calculated DCAD values.

Main Results:

  • Clinical parturient paresis occurrence decreased by an average of 87% across investigated dairies.
  • A range of DCAD values from a 97% decline to a 5% increase was observed.
  • Adjusting DCAD to neutral values (0 ± 30 mEq/kg) correlated with lower milk fever prevalence and potentially increased ration palatability.

Conclusions:

  • Neutral DCAD levels may reduce milk fever prevalence in dairy cattle.
  • Further research is needed to explore the effects of neutral DCAD on subclinical hypocalcaemia and feed intake.