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Meta-analytic evidence for a core problem solving network across multiple representational domains.

Jessica E Bartley1, Emily R Boeving2, Michael C Riedel1

  • 1Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.

Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
|June 27, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Understanding how the brain solves problems is key. This study reveals a common brain network for problem-solving across different tasks, suggesting general and specialized brain systems work together.

Keywords:
Activation likelihood estimation (ALE)Cognitive controlDomain-generalityDomain-specificityFunctional neuroimagingMeta-analysisProblem solvingReasoning

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Problem solving is a complex cognitive skill with diverse real-world applications.
  • The neuroimaging literature on problem solving is broad but lacks focus regarding domain-general and context-specific brain networks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively characterize the brain networks underlying problem solving.
  • To identify common and distinct neural substrates across various problem-solving domains.

Main Methods:

  • Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) meta-analysis.
  • Analysis of 280 neuroimaging experiments (3166 foci, 1919 individuals, 131 papers).
  • Domain-specific analyses for mathematical, verbal, and visuospatial problem solving.

Main Results:

  • A general problem-solving map showed convergence in fronto-cingulo-parietal regions.
  • Conjunction analysis identified a common network for problem solving across contexts.
  • Difference maps revealed functionally-selective sub-networks specific to task types.

Conclusions:

  • Cooperation between specialized sub-networks and whole-brain systems forms the neural basis of problem solving.
  • A core network provides general cognitive resources and manages task demands.
  • Further research into cross-network dynamics can inform problem-solving skill development studies.