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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Evaluation of Commercial-Off-The-Shelf Wrist Wearables to Estimate Stress on Students
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Depersonalization Under Academic Stress: Frequency, Predictors, and Consequences.

Tabea L K Schweden1, Uwe Wolfradt2, Sara Jahnke1,3

  • 1Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.

Psychopathology
|June 27, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Depersonalization symptoms, often seen as coping mechanisms, can worsen test anxiety. This study found they contribute to test anxiety maintenance, becoming maladaptive rather than helpful.

Keywords:
DepersonalizationPost-event processingSafety behaviorSelf-focused attentionTest anxiety

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Anxiety Disorders

Background:

  • Depersonalization symptoms are often considered adaptive coping mechanisms.
  • Their role in the maintenance of test anxiety is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the frequency and psychological predictors of depersonalization symptoms.
  • To investigate the association between depersonalization, test anxiety, and academic performance.

Main Methods:

  • Study 1: 203 students reported test anxiety and depersonalization after an oral exam.
  • Study 2: 67 students completed measures of test anxiety, depersonalization, safety behaviors, self-focused attention, negative appraisals, and post-event processing.

Main Results:

  • Nearly half of students reported moderate depersonalization symptoms.
  • Test anxiety and negative appraisals predicted depersonalization.
  • Depersonalization correlated with increased safety behaviors and post-event processing, but not self-focused attention or performance.

Conclusions:

  • Depersonalization contributes to the maintenance of test anxiety.
  • Findings suggest depersonalization can become maladaptive in academic stress contexts.
  • Limitations include small sample size and non-random sampling in Study 2.