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Related Concept Videos

Self-Help Support Groups01:28

Self-Help Support Groups

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Self-help support groups are voluntary, community-based organizations that provide a platform for individuals with shared concerns to exchange support, insights, and practical strategies for coping with life challenges. Typically led by group members or paraprofessionals, these groups form a cornerstone of mental health care, especially in reaching populations that are underserved by traditional healthcare systems.
Accessibility and Cost-Effectiveness
One of the primary strengths of self-help...
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Anatomy of the Ear01:16

Anatomy of the Ear

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Auditory sensation, commonly called hearing, involves the transformation of sonic waves into neural impulses facilitated by the structures of the auditory organ. The prominent, flesh-like structure on the side of the head, called the auricle, directs sound waves towards the auditory canal. The auricle is often mislabeled as the pinna, a term more aligned with mobile structures like a feline's external ear. The auditory canal penetrates the cranium via the external auditory meatus of the...
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Support Reactions01:30

Support Reactions

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A coplanar force system refers to a set of forces that all lie in the same plane and are subject to different reactions between the point of contact and the supports. Understanding how different types of supports affect coplanar forces is crucial for designing safe and reliable structures that can withstand external loads.
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Support Reactions in Three Dimensions01:27

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Support reactions in three dimensions help maintain the stability and equilibrium of various structures and systems. These reactions prevent the system from translating and rotating, ensuring the design can withstand external forces and perform its intended function efficiently and safely. Some of the supports providing support reactions in three dimensions are discussed below:
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Bone as Supporting Connective Tissue01:23

Bone as Supporting Connective Tissue

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Bone tissue forms the internal skeleton of vertebrate animals, providing structure to the body.
Bone Matrix
Bone, or osseous tissue, is a connective tissue that has a large amount of two different types of matrix material. The organic matrix is similar to the matrix material found in other connective tissues, including some amount of collagen and elastic fibers. This gives strength and flexibility to the tissue. The inorganic matrix consists of mineral salts— mostly calcium salts—...
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Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System01:26

Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System

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At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Posterior Semicircular Canal Approach for Inner Ear Gene Delivery in Neonatal Mouse
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Microenvironmental support for cell delivery to the inner ear.

Jennifer Schulze1, Susanne Sasse2, Nils Prenzler2

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all" of the German Research Foundation, Germany.

Hearing Research
|June 28, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) show promise for inner ear repair and drug delivery. Researchers found MSCs bind to heparin, enabling targeted delivery and enhanced survival of spiral ganglion cells with a heparan sulfate analogue.

Keywords:
Cell therapyCochlear implantationHeparan sulfateNeuroprotectionSpiral ganglion

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Surgical Method for Virally Mediated Gene Delivery to the Mouse Inner Ear through the Round Window Membrane
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Last Updated: Feb 8, 2026

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Canalostomy As a Surgical Approach to Local Drug Delivery into the Inner Ears of Adult and Neonatal Mice
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Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Otolaryngology
  • Biomaterials Science

Background:

  • Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) offer potential for cell replacement and drug delivery in diseased organs.
  • MSC therapy can enhance inner ear surgeries like cochlear implantation.
  • Modulating MSC behavior ex vivo via bio-matrixes or gene transfection can improve therapeutic effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the binding characteristics of MSCs in the inner ear.
  • To explore the potential of modulating MSC behavior ex vivo for therapeutic applications.
  • To evaluate the effect of a heparan sulfate analogue on spiral ganglion cells and MSCs.

Main Methods:

  • Delivering MSCs to the inner ear of guinea pigs and decellularized cochleae.
  • Analyzing MSC binding preferences based on heparin concentration.
  • Treating spiral ganglion cells and MSCs with carboxymethylglucose sulfate (Cacicol®).

Main Results:

  • MSCs preferentially bind to areas with high heparin concentration in the inner ear and decellularized cochleae.
  • Carboxymethylglucose sulfate (Cacicol®) supported spiral ganglion cell survival.
  • Carboxymethylglucose sulfate (Cacicol®) supported MSC proliferation.

Conclusions:

  • Heparin concentration can be leveraged to modulate MSC behavior ex vivo for targeted inner ear therapies.
  • Heparin sulfate analogues like Cacicol® show potential in supporting neuronal survival and stem cell proliferation in the inner ear context.