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The sampling variability of a statistic is defined as how much the statistic varies from one sample to another. The sampling variability of a statistic is typically measured by measuring its standard error.
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Prevalence of refractive errors in Colombia: MIOPUR study.

Virgilio Galvis1,2,3, Alejandro Tello4,2,3, Johana Otero1

  • 1Ophthalmology and Research Departments, Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia.

The British Journal of Ophthalmology
|June 28, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study found that myopia prevalence increases with age in Colombian children and adolescents, while hyperopia decreases. Urban living and medium-high socioeconomic status are linked to higher myopia risk in adults.

Keywords:
child health (paediatrics)epidemiologyoptics and refractionpublic health

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology and Public Health

Background:

  • Refractive errors are a significant global health concern.
  • Understanding their prevalence in diverse populations is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of refractive errors in Colombia.
  • To analyze the relationship between refractive errors and demographic/socioeconomic factors.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study (MIOPUR) was conducted across 10 Colombian districts.
  • Inclusion criteria: 3608 participants aged 8-17 (children/adolescents) and 35-55 (adults).

Main Results:

  • Prevalence: Hyperopia 32.3%, Myopia 12.9%, Mixed Astigmatism 2.8%, Anisometropia 1.9%.
  • Myopia increased with age in younger groups, decreased in older adults. Hyperopia showed the opposite trend.
  • Urban residence significantly increased myopia risk (OR: 1.45; p<0.01).

Conclusions:

  • Colombian refractive error prevalence is intermediate globally.
  • Myopia risk factors include urban living and medium-high socioeconomic status.
  • Age-related trends suggest potential cohort effects in refractive error development.