Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways01:22

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

9.3K
At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
9.3K
Morphogenesis02:19

Morphogenesis

30.5K
Plant morphogenesis—the development of a plant’s form and structure—involves several overlapping developmental processes, including growth and cell differentiation. Precursor cells differentiate into specific cell types, which are organized into the tissues and organ systems that make up the functional plant.
30.5K
Photoreceptors and Plant Responses to Light02:00

Photoreceptors and Plant Responses to Light

28.5K
Light plays a significant role in regulating the growth and development of plants. In addition to providing energy for photosynthesis, light provides other important cues to regulate a range of developmental and physiological responses in plants.
28.5K
Outer Layers of the Cell Envelope01:18

Outer Layers of the Cell Envelope

1.2K
The outermost layers of prokaryotic cells play a critical role in their survival, virulence, and interaction with the environment. These layers, often composed of polysaccharides, polypeptides, or proteins, form protective and adhesive structures that vary in organization and function.Capsules and Slime LayersCapsules are highly organized, tightly bound layers that firmly attach to the bacterial cell wall. Capsules are usually made of polysaccharides, though some are made of polypeptides. These...
1.2K
Porin Insertion in the Outer Mitochondrial Membrane01:12

Porin Insertion in the Outer Mitochondrial Membrane

4.9K
Porins are beta-barrel proteins translocated to the mitochondrial outer membrane through the TOM complex into the intermembrane space. Porin precursors bind TIM chaperones within the intermembrane space and are guided to the Sorting and Assembly Machinery complex or SAM complex on the outer mitochondrial membrane.
Three models describe the assembly of porins by the SAM complex and their insertion into the outer membrane. Model 1 suggests that porins are assembled outside the SAM channel as the...
4.9K
Protein Transport to the Outer Chloroplast Membrane01:11

Protein Transport to the Outer Chloroplast Membrane

2.4K
Chloroplast outer membrane proteins encoded by the nucleus are synthesized in the cytosol. Soon after synthesis, they bind cytosolic factors such as 14-3-3 protein and the Hsp70 chaperones that keep these precursors in an unfolded state until their translocation.
Two models describe the mechanism of precursor recognition and entry across the outer membrane through the TOC complex. Model 1 suggests the newly synthesized precursor binds to the TOC receptor 159 and forms a complex.
2.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Antisense oligonucleotide allele-specific targeting of EFEMP1 in a patient-derived model of Doyne honeycomb retinal dystrophy.

Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids·2026
Same author

<i>FRMPD4</i>, a causal gene for intellectual disability and epilepsy, is associated with X-linked non-syndromic hearing loss.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026
Same author

Long-term culture of patient-derived pheochromocytoma organoids.

Frontiers in endocrinology·2026
Same author

Current insights into monitoring of congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Frontiers in endocrinology·2026
Same author

From Sound to Stability: Lessons Learned From the CRUSH Study on Hearing Loss Progression and Vestibular Phenotype in Usher Syndrome Type 2A.

Otology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology·2026
Same author

Overcoming size barriers in retinal gene therapy via lipid nanoparticle-mediated delivery of full-length eys DNA.

Drug delivery and translational research·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Large-Scale Purification of Porcine or Bovine Photoreceptor Outer Segments for Phagocytosis Assays on Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells
10:02

Large-Scale Purification of Porcine or Bovine Photoreceptor Outer Segments for Phagocytosis Assays on Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells

Published on: December 12, 2014

12.9K

C2orf71a/pcare1 is important for photoreceptor outer segment morphogenesis and visual function in zebrafish.

Julio C Corral-Serrano1,2, Muriël Messchaert1,3, Margo Dona3,4

  • 1Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Scientific Reports
|June 28, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Mutations in the photoreceptor cilium actin regulator (PCARE) gene cause vision defects. A zebrafish model lacking pcare1 shows disrupted photoreceptor structure and impaired vision, confirming PCARE

More Related Videos

Analyzing Craniofacial Morphogenesis in Zebrafish Using 4D Confocal Microscopy
09:16

Analyzing Craniofacial Morphogenesis in Zebrafish Using 4D Confocal Microscopy

Published on: January 30, 2014

11.6K
Visualizing Ocular Morphogenesis by Lightsheet Microscopy Using rx3:GFP Transgenic Zebrafish
07:40

Visualizing Ocular Morphogenesis by Lightsheet Microscopy Using rx3:GFP Transgenic Zebrafish

Published on: April 5, 2021

3.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Large-Scale Purification of Porcine or Bovine Photoreceptor Outer Segments for Phagocytosis Assays on Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells
10:02

Large-Scale Purification of Porcine or Bovine Photoreceptor Outer Segments for Phagocytosis Assays on Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells

Published on: December 12, 2014

12.9K
Analyzing Craniofacial Morphogenesis in Zebrafish Using 4D Confocal Microscopy
09:16

Analyzing Craniofacial Morphogenesis in Zebrafish Using 4D Confocal Microscopy

Published on: January 30, 2014

11.6K
Visualizing Ocular Morphogenesis by Lightsheet Microscopy Using rx3:GFP Transgenic Zebrafish
07:40

Visualizing Ocular Morphogenesis by Lightsheet Microscopy Using rx3:GFP Transgenic Zebrafish

Published on: April 5, 2021

3.1K

Area of Science:

  • Genetics and Molecular Biology
  • Ophthalmology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Mutations in C2orf71 cause inherited retinal diseases like retinitis pigmentosa.
  • The protein is crucial for modulating the ciliary membrane via actin assembly.
  • The gene has been renamed PCARE (photoreceptor cilium actin regulator).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the function of PCARE in vivo.
  • To generate and characterize a zebrafish model for PCARE deficiency.
  • To assess the conservation of PCARE function across species.

Main Methods:

  • Identified two zebrafish pcare genes: pcare1 and pcare2.
  • Generated a pcare1 mutant zebrafish line using CRISPR/Cas9 technology.
  • Analyzed retinal structure, visual behavior (optokinetic and visual motor responses), and retinal function (electroretinography).

Main Results:

  • pcare1 mutant zebrafish exhibited disorganization of photoreceptor outer segments.
  • Larvae showed visual impairment in behavioral tests.
  • Electroretinograms revealed decreased b-wave amplitudes, indicating defective transretinal current.

Conclusions:

  • Lack of pcare1 in zebrafish leads to a distinct retinal phenotype.
  • The findings support the conserved role of PCARE in maintaining photoreceptor integrity and function.
  • This study validates the zebrafish model for investigating PCARE-related retinal disorders.