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Related Concept Videos

Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

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Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
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The Thyroid Gland01:23

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The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
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Autoimmune Disorders01:29

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Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
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Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

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The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
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Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
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Skin Cancer01:30

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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
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Thyroid diseases and skin autoimmunity.

Enke Baldini1, Teresa Odorisio2, Chiara Tuccilli1

  • 1Department of Surgical Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena, 324, 00161, Rome, Italy.

Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders
|June 28, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Autoimmune skin diseases (AISD) are linked to thyroid diseases (TD). Research explores shared mechanisms and epidemiology, offering insights into disease progression and potential treatments for these interconnected autoimmune conditions.

Keywords:
AutoimmunityEpidemiologyEpidermisPathophysiologySkinThyroid

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Dermatology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • The skin acts as a crucial barrier and immune organ, housing innate and adaptive immune cells.
  • Dysfunctional skin immune responses can lead to autoimmune skin diseases (AISD), including pemphigus and vitiligo.
  • The etiology of AISD involves complex interactions between genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the epidemiology, clinical features, and pathogenesis of major AISD.
  • To summarize epidemiological data linking AISD with thyroid diseases (TD), particularly autoimmune TD (AITD).
  • To explore potential shared molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of AISD and TD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of epidemiological studies on AISD and TD.
  • Analysis of clinical manifestations and pathogenesis of key AISD.
  • Synthesis of evidence on the association between AISD and AITD.

Main Results:

  • Epidemiological studies reveal a significant association between various AISD and TD.
  • Shared molecular pathways may contribute to the development and progression of both conditions.
  • Understanding these links can illuminate common mechanisms in autoimmune diseases.

Conclusions:

  • AISD and TD, especially AITD, frequently co-occur, suggesting common underlying mechanisms.
  • Further research into shared molecular pathways is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of these autoimmune diseases.
  • This review highlights the importance of considering comorbid autoimmune conditions in clinical practice.