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Pulmonary Hemorrhage in Children: Etiology, Clinical Profile and Outcome

Channa de Silva1, Aparna Mukherjee1, Kana Ram Jat1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.

Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|June 28, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Pulmonary hemorrhage in children has diverse causes, including idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis and post-infectious complications. Understanding these pediatric pulmonary hemorrhage etiologies guides effective investigation and treatment strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Pulmonary hemorrhage is a serious condition in children.
  • Etiology, clinical presentation, and management vary widely.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the etiology, clinical profile, treatment, and outcomes of pediatric pulmonary hemorrhage.
  • To inform diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for children with this condition.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of pediatric patients with pulmonary hemorrhage.
  • Study conducted at a tertiary care hospital in North India.

Main Results:

  • 44 children were included; common etiologies were idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis (36.4%), post-infectious complications (25%), immune-mediated disorders (18.2%), cardiac/vascular disorders (15.9%), and airway pathologies (4.5%).
  • Treatment varied by etiology, including medications, bronchial artery embolization, and surgery.
  • Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis and immune-mediated groups received steroids, with the latter showing slower response and more relapses.

Conclusions:

  • Identifying key etiological categories of pediatric pulmonary hemorrhage is crucial.
  • This aids in practical planning of investigations and management for diverse causes.
Abstract

Keywords:
Bronchial arteryEmbolizationHemoptysisHemosiderosisSteroids

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