Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Clinical Trials01:16

Clinical Trials

10.8K
Clinical trials are prospective experimental studies conducted on humans to determine the safety and efficacy of treatments, drugs, diet methods, and medical devices. Using statistics in clinical trials enables researchers to derive reasonable and accurate conclusions from the collected data, allowing them to make wise decisions in uncertain situations. In medical research, statistical methods are crucial for preventing errors and bias.
There are four phases in a clinical trial. A phase one...
10.8K
Clinical Trials: Overview01:11

Clinical Trials: Overview

5.0K
Clinical development focuses on how the drug will interact with the human body and encompasses four key phases of clinical trials, each serving a specific purpose in assessing the safety and effectiveness of new drugs. These phases overlap and build upon one another. Phase I involves a small group of healthy volunteers (typically 20-80 individuals) or, in cases where significant toxicity is expected, patients with the targeted disease, such as cancer or AIDS. The volunteers are tested for...
5.0K
Statistical Software for Data Analysis and Clinical Trials01:12

Statistical Software for Data Analysis and Clinical Trials

1.6K
Statistical software is pivotal in data analysis and clinical trials by providing tools to analyze data, draw conclusions, and make predictions. These software packages range from simple data management applications to complex analytical platforms, supporting various statistical tests, models, and simulation techniques. Their significance lies in their ability to handle vast amounts of data with precision and efficiency, enabling researchers to validate hypotheses, identify trends, and make...
1.6K
Hydrogen Bonds00:26

Hydrogen Bonds

134.0K
Hydrogen bonds are weak attractions between atoms that have formed other chemical bonds. One of these atoms is electronegative, like oxygen, and has a partial negative charge. The other is a hydrogen atom that has bonded with another electronegative atom and has a partial positive charge.
Hydrogen Bonds Control the World!
Because hydrogen has very weak electronegativity when it binds with a strongly electronegative atom, such as oxygen or nitrogen, electrons in the bond are unequally shared....
134.0K
Hydrogen Bonds01:04

Hydrogen Bonds

14.8K
A hydrogen bond is formed when a weakly positive hydrogen atom already bonded to one electronegative atom (for example, the oxygen in the water molecule) is attracted to another electronegative atom from another polar molecule, such as water (H2O), hydrogen fluoride (HF), or ammonia (NH3). The huge electronegativity difference between the H atom (2.1) and the atom to which it is bonded (4.0 for an F atom, 3.5 for an O atom, or 3.0 for an N atom), combined with the very small size of an H atom...
14.8K
Lattice Centering and Coordination Number02:33

Lattice Centering and Coordination Number

11.7K
The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
Types of Unit Cells
Imagine taking a large number of identical...
11.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The role of silver diamine fluoride in resin bonding to eroded dentin: A six-year in vitro evaluation.

Dental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials·2026
Same author

Does localized irradiance of poly-wave LED influence the bonding performance of universal adhesives to dentin?

Journal of dentistry·2026
Same author

Thirty-six months of clinical evaluation of a new universal adhesive applied in the "no waiting" technique: A randomized clinical trial.

Journal of dentistry·2025
Same author

Influence of 45S5 bioactive glass on the bonding properties to molar incisor hypomineralization-affected enamel: A 1-year in vitro evaluation.

Journal of dentistry·2025
Same author

Efficacy of In-office Bleaching Gel One Week After Mixing: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Operative dentistry·2025
Same author

Does Patient Age Impact In-Office Tooth Bleaching Outcomes? A Parallel Clinical Trial.

Operative dentistry·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Author Spotlight: Advancements and Challenges in Surgical Treatments for Postamputation Pain
03:26

Author Spotlight: Advancements and Challenges in Surgical Treatments for Postamputation Pain

Published on: March 8, 2024

3.6K

Effectiveness of In-office Hydrogen Peroxide With Two Different Protocols: A Two-center Randomized Clinical Trial.

Ieb Martins, S Onofre, N Franco

    Operative Dentistry
    |June 28, 2018
    PubMed
    Summary

    A single 40-minute application of 38% hydrogen peroxide in-office bleaching gel yields comparable whitening and tooth sensitivity to two 20-minute applications. This single application protocol is preferred for its efficiency, eliminating the need for gel refreshing.

    More Related Videos

    Author Spotlight: Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface (RPNI) Surgery in Postamputation Pain Management
    03:53

    Author Spotlight: Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface (RPNI) Surgery in Postamputation Pain Management

    Published on: March 15, 2024

    2.9K
    Simultaneous Measurement of Superoxide/Hydrogen Peroxide and NADH Production by Flavin-containing Mitochondrial Dehydrogenases
    08:57

    Simultaneous Measurement of Superoxide/Hydrogen Peroxide and NADH Production by Flavin-containing Mitochondrial Dehydrogenases

    Published on: February 24, 2018

    10.5K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Feb 8, 2026

    Author Spotlight: Advancements and Challenges in Surgical Treatments for Postamputation Pain
    03:26

    Author Spotlight: Advancements and Challenges in Surgical Treatments for Postamputation Pain

    Published on: March 8, 2024

    3.6K
    Author Spotlight: Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface (RPNI) Surgery in Postamputation Pain Management
    03:53

    Author Spotlight: Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface (RPNI) Surgery in Postamputation Pain Management

    Published on: March 15, 2024

    2.9K
    Simultaneous Measurement of Superoxide/Hydrogen Peroxide and NADH Production by Flavin-containing Mitochondrial Dehydrogenases
    08:57

    Simultaneous Measurement of Superoxide/Hydrogen Peroxide and NADH Production by Flavin-containing Mitochondrial Dehydrogenases

    Published on: February 24, 2018

    10.5K

    Area of Science:

    • Dental Science
    • Aesthetic Dentistry
    • Dental Materials

    Background:

    • In-office bleaching with 38% hydrogen peroxide is a common aesthetic dental procedure.
    • Optimizing application protocols can enhance patient experience and clinical efficiency.
    • Understanding the trade-offs between application time and outcomes like tooth sensitivity is crucial.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare the bleaching efficacy of a 38% hydrogen peroxide agent using a single 40-minute application versus two 20-minute applications.
    • To evaluate and compare the level of tooth sensitivity (TS) associated with each application protocol.
    • To assess the impact of different time protocols on pH during bleaching.

    Main Methods:

    • A multicenter, single-blind, randomized trial involving 44 patients with darker than C2 canines.
    • Split-mouth design with two bleaching sessions, one week apart, comparing 1x40-minute vs. 2x20-minute applications.
    • Color change assessed using subjective (Vita Classical, Vita Bleachedguide) and objective (Easyshade Spectrophotometer) methods; tooth sensitivity recorded via visual analog scale (VAS).

    Main Results:

    • Both protocols resulted in significant tooth whitening after 30 days.
    • The 40-minute application did not significantly increase the absolute risk or intensity of tooth sensitivity compared to the two 20-minute applications.
    • No significant difference in pH values was observed between the groups or across assessment periods.

    Conclusions:

    • A single 40-minute application of 38% hydrogen peroxide in-office bleaching gel achieves equivalent whitening and tooth sensitivity as two 20-minute applications.
    • The 40-minute protocol is preferable due to its simplified procedure, avoiding the need for gel refreshing between applications.
    • This finding supports a more efficient clinical workflow for in-office dental bleaching.