Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Factors Affecting Protein-Drug Binding: Protein-Related Factors01:20

Factors Affecting Protein-Drug Binding: Protein-Related Factors

575
Drug binding to proteins is a key aspect of pharmacokinetics and can influence a drug's distribution, absorption, and elimination in the body. Several factors, including the drug's physiochemical properties, protein concentration, disease states, and the number of binding sites on the protein, influence this process.
The physicochemical properties of a drug play a significant role in its ability to bind to proteins. Lipophilic drugs, which dissolve in fats, oils, and lipids, can be...
575
Factors Affecting Protein-Drug Binding: Drug-Related Factors01:18

Factors Affecting Protein-Drug Binding: Drug-Related Factors

488
Drug binding to proteins is a complex phenomenon influenced by various drug-related factors, each playing a significant role in the interaction between drugs and proteins within the body.
One crucial factor in drug-protein binding is the drug's lipophilicity or its affinity for fat. More lipophilic drugs tend to have higher binding extents. For example, highly lipophilic drugs like cloxacillin exhibit substantial protein binding, with as much as 95% of the drug binding to proteins. In...
488
Factors Affecting Protein-Drug Binding: Patient-Related Factors01:29

Factors Affecting Protein-Drug Binding: Patient-Related Factors

332
Protein-drug binding, a pivotal aspect of pharmacokinetics, is subject to considerable variability influenced by an array of patient-related factors. The intricate interplay of age, individual differences, and pathological conditions significantly impact the binding dynamics and subsequent pharmacological effects.
Age stands as a key determinant in protein-drug binding. Neonates, characterized by low albumin content, experience heightened concentrations of unbound drugs such as phenytoin and...
332
Transcription Factors02:16

Transcription Factors

82.8K
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
82.8K
Restriction Enzymes01:11

Restriction Enzymes

36.2K
Restriction enzymes are bacterial enzymes used to cut DNA in a sequence-specific manner. To cleave DNA, they bind to specific palindromic sequences called restriction sites. Such palindromic DNA sequences or inverted repeats are commonly found in regions of functional significance, such as the origin of replication, gene operator sites, and regions containing transcription termination signals.
The host bacteria protect their own genomic DNA from these enzymes by methylating these sites. Some...
36.2K
Factors Affecting Protein-Drug Binding: Drug Interactions01:23

Factors Affecting Protein-Drug Binding: Drug Interactions

611
Drug interactions are a critical aspect of pharmacology and can occur when two or more drugs compete for the same binding site. This competition can result in one drug displacing another, altering the effect of the displaced drug. Drug interactions are complex processes that rely heavily on how much of the displacer drug is present and how strongly it can bind to the same sites as the displaced drug.
Displacement interactions can have varying outcomes, ranging from toxicity to virtually...
611

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The V158F polymorphism in human FcγRIIIa/CD16a defines opposing receptor responses when interacting with soluble immune complexes.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)·2026
Same author

Low frequency variants can predetermine antiviral drug resistance development in herpes simplex virus type 1.

PLoS pathogens·2026
Same author

Breaking barriers: how cytomegaloviruses manipulate myeloid cells to invade tissues.

EMBO reports·2026
Same author

A novel genetically distinct Amdoparvovirus in Sorex araneus in the United Kingdom highlights an unexplored ancestral link.

Virus research·2026
Same author

The MHV-68 nuclear egress complex supports C-capsid selective capsid egress.

Journal of virology·2026
Same author

A viral glycoprotein targets IgG<sup>+</sup> memory B cells to mediate humoral immune evasion.

EMBO molecular medicine·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Two Methods of Heterokaryon Formation to Discover HCV Restriction Factors
16:49

Two Methods of Heterokaryon Formation to Discover HCV Restriction Factors

Published on: July 16, 2012

12.0K

Human MxB Protein Is a Pan-herpesvirus Restriction Factor.

Mirjam Schilling1, Lorenzo Bulli2, Sebastian Weigang1

  • 1Institute of Virology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.

Journal of Virology
|June 29, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The human MX2 gene product MxB restricts herpesvirus replication, acting as a broad antiviral factor. This dynamin-like GTPase differs in its mechanism against herpesviruses compared to HIV-1.

Keywords:
HCMVHSV-1MHV68MxB proteincytomegalovirusherpes simplex virusherpesviruseshuman MX2 geneinnate immunityinterferons

More Related Videos

Analysis of SAMHD1 Restriction by Flow Cytometry in Human Myeloid U937 Cells
09:43

Analysis of SAMHD1 Restriction by Flow Cytometry in Human Myeloid U937 Cells

Published on: June 13, 2021

2.7K
Generation of Plasmid Vectors Expressing FLAG-tagged Proteins Under the Regulation of Human Elongation Factor-1&#945; Promoter Using Gibson Assembly
10:18

Generation of Plasmid Vectors Expressing FLAG-tagged Proteins Under the Regulation of Human Elongation Factor-1α Promoter Using Gibson Assembly

Published on: February 9, 2015

37.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Two Methods of Heterokaryon Formation to Discover HCV Restriction Factors
16:49

Two Methods of Heterokaryon Formation to Discover HCV Restriction Factors

Published on: July 16, 2012

12.0K
Analysis of SAMHD1 Restriction by Flow Cytometry in Human Myeloid U937 Cells
09:43

Analysis of SAMHD1 Restriction by Flow Cytometry in Human Myeloid U937 Cells

Published on: June 13, 2021

2.7K
Generation of Plasmid Vectors Expressing FLAG-tagged Proteins Under the Regulation of Human Elongation Factor-1&#945; Promoter Using Gibson Assembly
10:18

Generation of Plasmid Vectors Expressing FLAG-tagged Proteins Under the Regulation of Human Elongation Factor-1α Promoter Using Gibson Assembly

Published on: February 9, 2015

37.9K

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Herpesvirus infections are widespread and lifelong, posing risks to immunocompromised individuals.
  • The interferon system is crucial for controlling herpesvirus replication, but effector mechanisms remain unclear.
  • Human myxovirus resistance 2 (MX2) gene product MxB inhibits HIV-1.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate MxB's role in controlling herpesvirus replication.
  • To elucidate the mechanism of MxB's antiviral activity against herpesviruses.
  • To compare MxB's function against herpesviruses and HIV-1.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated MxB's effect on alpha-, beta-, and gammaherpesviruses.
  • Utilized defined MxB mutants to study GTP binding and hydrolysis.
  • Analyzed MxB's impact on early viral gene expression.

Main Results:

  • MxB inhibits herpesvirus replication at an early stage, before immediate early gene expression.
  • MxB restricts all three subfamilies of herpesviruses.
  • Mutational analysis revealed a distinct mechanism of action against herpesviruses compared to HIV-1.

Conclusions:

  • MxB acts as a broad-spectrum intracellular restriction factor against both retroviruses and herpesviruses.
  • MxB's antiviral mechanism against herpesviruses is distinct from its mechanism against HIV-1.
  • MxB represents a significant host defense mechanism against herpesvirus infections.