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Structural Isomerism

Structural Isomerism

Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can...

Colloids

Colloids

Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...

Isomerism

Isomerism

Isomers are molecules with the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements. Isomers can be further classified into constitutional isomers and stereoisomers. Constitutional isomers differ in the connectivity of their constituent atoms. For example, 2-butanol and diethyl ether are constitutional isomers, as they have the same chemical formula, C4H10O, but differ in the connectivity of the carbon and oxygen atoms. Constitutional isomers have different physical and chemical...

Size and Structure of Viral Genomes

Size and Structure of Viral Genomes

Viral genomes exhibit remarkable diversity in size, structure, and composition, influencing their replication strategies and interactions with host cells. These genomes consist of either DNA or RNA and may be linear or circular. Additionally, they can be single-stranded or double-stranded, with each configuration affecting how the virus propagates within a host. RNA viruses, for instance, generally have smaller genomes than DNA viruses, a factor that contributes to their high mutation rates and...

Isomerism in Alkenes

Isomerism in Alkenes

Alkenes like 1-butene and 2-butene exhibit constitutional isomerism, as they differ in the position of the double bond. Further, 2-butene exhibits stereoisomerism and exists as two distinct compounds differing in spatial arrangement.
An isomer is called cis-2-butene when the methyl groups are on the same side of the double bond, and the other stereoisomer, in which methyl groups are on the opposite side of the double bond, is called trans-2-butene. The cis and trans stereoisomers are not...

Semiconductors

Semiconductors

There is variation in the electrical conductivity of materials - metals, semiconductors, and insulators that are showcased with the help of the energy band diagrams.
Metals such as copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), or lead (Pb) have low resistivity and feature conduction bands that are either not fully occupied or overlap with the valence band, making a bandgap non-existent. This allows electrons in the highest energy levels of the valence band to easily transition to the conduction band upon gaining...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

A Modular Microfluidic Technology for Systematic Studies of Colloidal Semiconductor Nanocrystals

A Modular Microfluidic Technology for Systematic Studies of Colloidal Semiconductor Nanocrystals

Published on: May 10, 2018

Thermally-induced reversible structural isomerization in colloidal semiconductor CdS magic-size clusters.

Baowei Zhang¹, Tingting Zhu¹, Mingyang Ou²

¹Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, 610065, Chengdu, PR China.

Nature Communications

|June 29, 2018

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers discovered structural isomerism in colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals, specifically cadmium sulfide (CdS) magic-size clusters. These clusters undergo reversible transformations, exhibiting unique kinetics applicable to advanced nanomaterial design.

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Synthesis and Characterization of Supramolecular Colloids

Synthesis and Characterization of Supramolecular Colloids

Published on: April 22, 2016

Area of Science:

Nanomaterials Science
Physical Chemistry
Solid-State Chemistry

Background:

Structural isomerism in colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals remains largely unexplored.
Understanding structural transformations is key to designing advanced functional nanomaterials.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify and characterize structural isomers in colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals.
To investigate the kinetics of thermally-induced reversible transformations between these isomers.

Main Methods:

Synthesis and characterization of cadmium sulfide (CdS) magic-size clusters.
Spectroscopic analysis to identify distinct absorption peaks (311 nm and 322 nm).
Kinetic studies to determine reaction order and mechanism of interconversion.

Main Results:

Identification of a pair of structural isomers for CdS magic-size clusters with identical masses but different structures.
Observation of thermally-induced reversible transformations between the isomers, mimicking molecular isomerization.
Demonstration that interconversions follow first-order unimolecular reaction kinetics.

Conclusions:

Structural isomerism is a viable phenomenon in colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals.
The observed isomeric kinetics are potentially applicable to various small-size functional nanomaterials.
The developed methodology can aid in studying solid-solid transformations in other semiconductor nanocrystals.