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Related Concept Videos

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder01:28

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

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Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition characterized by recurrent obsessions, compulsions, or both, which consume significant time and interfere with daily functioning. Obsessions involve persistent, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts, images, or urges that evoke anxiety. Common examples include irrational fears of contamination or harm. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed to reduce the anxiety caused by obsessions. For instance, individuals...
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Personality Disorders: Dependent and Obsessive-Compulsive01:24

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Dependent personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder are two separate psychological conditions that influence behavior, relationships, and overall life functioning. Though both involve maladaptive behaviors, their core characteristics and motivations differ significantly.
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Protein Networks02:26

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An organism can have thousands of different proteins, and these proteins must cooperate to ensure the health of an organism. Proteins bind to other proteins and form complexes to carry out their functions. Many proteins interact with multiple other proteins creating a complex network of protein interactions.
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What is a Mode?01:07

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The mode is one of the commonly used measures of a central tendency. It is defined as the most frequent value in a data set.
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Network Covalent Solids02:18

Network Covalent Solids

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Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
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Intrinsically Disordered Proteins02:18

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Intrinsically disordered proteins are a group of proteins that do not fold into specific three-dimensional structures. Their structural flexibility allows them to complement ordered proteins to perform functions that are inaccessible to rigid structures. They are more common in eukaryotes than prokaryotes and may either be exclusively intrinsically disordered or hybrid proteins, consisting of a mix of ordered and disordered regions. The absence of a rigid structure in these proteins can be...
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Signal Attenuation as a Rat Model of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
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Increased Default Mode Network Connectivity in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder During Reward Processing.

Kathrin Koch1,2,3, Tim J Reeß1,2,3, Oana G Rus1,2,3,4

  • 1Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.

Frontiers in Psychiatry
|June 29, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients exhibit altered brain connectivity, particularly within the default mode network (DMN). This may explain their reduced response to external rewards and difficulty inhibiting compulsive behaviors.

Keywords:
DMNOCDconnectivityreinforcementreward

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) involves obsessions and compulsions, often linked to anxiety reduction and reward.
  • Previous research on reward processing in OCD shows inconsistent findings regarding functional activation and limited data on functional connectivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate functional activation and connectivity during reward processing in individuals with OCD.
  • To explore alterations in brain networks associated with reward and self-referential processing in OCD.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to assess brain activity and connectivity.
  • Monetary reward tasks were administered to 44 OCD patients and 37 healthy controls.

Main Results:

  • OCD patients displayed reduced frontal activation and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) activation compared to controls.
  • Increased functional connectivity was observed between the PCC and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) in OCD patients.

Conclusions:

  • Findings suggest heightened connectivity within default mode network (DMN) nodes in OCD patients.
  • This altered connectivity may reflect increased self-related processing, potentially impairing external reward responsiveness and contributing to compulsive behaviors.