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Related Concept Videos

The Electromagnetic Spectrum02:37

The Electromagnetic Spectrum

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The electromagnetic spectrum consists of all the types of electromagnetic radiation arranged according to their frequency and wavelength. Each of the various colors of visible light has specific frequencies and wavelengths associated with them, and you can see that visible light makes up only a small portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. Because the technologies developed to work in various parts of the electromagnetic spectrum are different, for reasons of convenience and historical...
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The Electromagnetic Spectrum01:24

The Electromagnetic Spectrum

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Electromagnetic waves are categorized according to their wavelengths and frequencies, giving the electromagnetic spectrum. These waves are classified as radio, infrared, ultraviolet, etc. Radio waves refer to electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths ranging from millimeters to kilometers. Radio waves are commonly used for audio communications (i.e., radios) and typically result from an alternating current in the wires of a broadcast antenna. They cover a broad wavelength range and are used...
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IR Spectrum01:19

IR Spectrum

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When infrared (IR) radiation passes through a molecule, the bonds stretch or bend by absorbing the radiation. This absorption creates the molecule's absorption spectrum, which is the plot of its percentage transmittance versus wavenumber.
Transmittance is defined as the ratio of the radiant power passing through a sample to that from the radiation's source. Multiplying the transmittance by 100 gives the percent transmittance (%T), which varies between 100% (no absorption) and 0%...
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Mass Spectrum01:23

Mass Spectrum

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A mass spectrum is the graphical representation of the relative abundance of the charged fragments in an analyte plotted against their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). The plot's x-axis represents the ratio of the mass of the charged fragment to the number of charges it carries. The y axis of the plot represents the relative abundance of each charged species. The relative abundance is calculated from the signal intensity of each charged species recorded at the detector. The most intense signal (the...
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UV–Vis Spectrum01:30

UV–Vis Spectrum

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When light passes through a substance, a portion of the light is absorbed while the remaining light is reflected or transmitted. If the molecule absorbs light between the wavelengths of 180–400 nm range, the UV spectrum is obtained, and if it absorbs light in the 400–780 nm wavelength range, the visible spectrum is obtained.     
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Mass Spectrum: Interpretation01:24

Mass Spectrum: Interpretation

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An unknown compound can be established by identifying the molecular ion peak in the mass spectrum. The molecular ion peak is often weak or absent due to the predominance of fragmentation in high-energy electron beams. In such cases, a soft-energy electron beam can be used to scan the spectrum to enhance the intensity of the molecular ion peak. Additionally, chemical ionization, field ionization, and desorption ionization spectra are used to obtain a relatively intense molecular ion peak.To...
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Related Experiment Video

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High-throughput Screening for Broad-spectrum Chemical Inhibitors of RNA Viruses
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Perampanel: Does it have broad-spectrum potential?

Heidrun Potschka1, Eugen Trinka2,3

  • 1Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany.

Epilepsia
|June 29, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Perampanel, a novel AMPA receptor antagonist, effectively reduces seizure frequency and severity in epilepsy patients. This broad-spectrum antiepileptic drug shows promise for individualized epilepsy treatment across various seizure types.

Keywords:
Drug-resistant epilepsyanticonvulsantsepilepsies partialepilepsy generalizedseizures

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology
  • Epileptology

Background:

  • Perampanel is a novel noncompetitive α-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate (AMPA) receptor antagonist.
  • AMPA receptors are crucial in mediating glutamate's action at excitatory synapses, making them a potential therapeutic target for epilepsy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the profile and efficacy of perampanel as a broad-spectrum antiepileptic drug.
  • To evaluate perampanel's role in treating various epilepsy types based on preclinical and clinical evidence.

Main Methods:

  • A narrative review of data collected through specified search criteria.
  • Inclusion of evidence from preclinical models, phase 3 clinical studies, observational studies, and descriptive evidence.

Main Results:

  • Perampanel demonstrated seizure protection, reduced severity and duration in animal models.
  • Phase 3 trials showed significant reductions in seizure frequency and increased responder rates for focal and primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures compared to placebo.
  • Real-world data confirmed perampanel's efficacy, safety, and tolerability in diverse epilepsy syndromes.

Conclusions:

  • Perampanel is a potentially broad-spectrum antiepileptic drug with a novel mechanism of action.
  • It offers a valuable treatment option for patients with epilepsy, enabling more individualized therapeutic approaches.