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Psoriasis, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk factors. A population-based study
J M Fernández-Armenteros1,2, X Gómez-Arbonés1,3, M Buti-Soler4,5
1Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRB Lleida), Lleida, Spain.
Insights
Psoriasis patients exhibit higher rates of cardiovascular risk factors and metabolic syndrome compared to the general population. Close monitoring of these factors is crucial for preventing major cardiovascular events in individuals with psoriasis.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Cardiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Psoriasis is a prevalent chronic inflammatory disease with major cardiovascular events as a leading cause of mortality.
- This suggests a strong association between psoriasis and traditional cardiovascular risk factors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify cardiovascular risk factors and metabolic syndrome (MS) in psoriasis patients.
- To assess the association of these factors with psoriasis severity.
- To compare the prevalence of these factors in psoriatic versus non-psoriatic populations.
Main Methods:
- An observational, cross-sectional population study was conducted.
- Data was sourced from a joint hospital/primary care database in Lleida, Spain.
- The study included 398,701 individuals, with 6,868 diagnosed with psoriasis.
Main Results:
- Psoriasis patients showed a significantly higher prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, including diabetes mellitus 2, dyslipidemia, arterial hypertension, obesity, altered fasting glucose, low HDL cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia, and increased waist circumference.
- Metabolic syndrome (MS) was more prevalent in psoriatic patients (28.3% vs. 15.1%).
- Psoriatic patients had a higher incidence of ischemic heart disease and vascular cerebral accidents, though risk factors did not differ by psoriasis severity.
Conclusions:
- Statistically significant differences in cardiovascular risk factors, MS, and major cardiovascular events were observed in patients with psoriasis.
- No significant differences in cardiovascular risk factors were found between different psoriasis severity groups.
- A multidisciplinary approach and vigilant monitoring of cardiovascular risk factors are essential for managing psoriasis patients and preventing adverse cardiovascular outcomes.
Background:
Psoriasis is a very prevalent systemic chronic inflammatory disease. Major cardiovascular events are the main cause of mortality in these patients which suggests an association between psoriasis and traditional cardiovascular risk factors.
Objective:
To identify classic cardiovascular risk factors and metabolic syndrome (MS) in patients with psoriasis, their possible association with its severity and compare it with the non-psoriatic population.
Methods:
This is an observational and cross-sectional population study in Lleida (Spain) from a joint hospital/primary care database.
Results:
The database comprised 398 701 individuals. There were 6868 cases registered as psoriasis (1.7%), and 499 of them (7.3%) were classified as moderate-severe psoriasis. Patients with psoriasis had a higher prevalence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors than non-psoriatic population: diabetes mellitus 2 (13.9% vs 7.4%, OR 2.01), dyslipidaemia (28.8% vs 17.4%, OR 1.92), arterial hypertension (31.2% vs 19.0%, OR 1.93), obesity (33.7% vs 28.1%, OR 1.30), altered fasting basal glycaemia (21.4% vs 15.1%, OR 1.54), low cholesterol HDL (38.1% vs 32.3%, OR 1.29), hypertriglyceridaemia (45.7% vs 35.2%, OR 1.55) and high waist circumference (75.7% vs 72.3%, OR 1.19). MS was more prevalent in psoriatic patients (28.3% vs 15.1%, OR 2.21), and cardiovascular risk factors were similar between psoriasis severity groups. Psoriatic patients had a higher prevalence of ischaemic heart disease (3.3% vs 1.8%, OR 1.87) and vascular cerebral accidents (1.8% vs 1.2%, OR 1.55). A model for MS showed a significant nonlinear relationship with age and sex and significant differences between patients with and without psoriasis.
Conclusion:
We found statistically significant differences in relation to the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, MS and major cardiovascular events in psoriatic patients. However, differences were not seen between psoriasis severity groups. Our work reinforces the need for a multidisciplinary approach and close monitoring of cardiovascular risk factors in these patients to prevent a cardiovascular event.
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