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Related Concept Videos

Crown Ethers02:36

Crown Ethers

6.1K
Crown ethers are cyclic polyethers that contain multiple oxygen atoms, usually arranged in a regular pattern. The first crown ether was synthesized by Charles Pederson while working at DuPont in 1967. For this work, Pedersen was co-awarded the 1987 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Crown ethers are named using the formula x-crown-y, where x is the total number of atoms in the ring and y is the number of ether oxygen atoms. The term 'crown' refers to the crown-like shape that these ether molecules...
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Noble Gases02:54

Noble Gases

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The elements in group 18 are noble gases (helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon). They earned the name “noble” because they were assumed to be nonreactive since they have filled valence shells. In 1962, Dr. Neil Bartlett at the University of British Columbia proved this assumption to be false.
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Ethers from Alcohols: Alcohol Dehydration and Williamson Ether Synthesis02:29

Ethers from Alcohols: Alcohol Dehydration and Williamson Ether Synthesis

13.0K
Overview
Ethers can be prepared from organic compounds by various methods. Some of them are discussed below,
Preparation of Ethers by Alcohol Dehydration
In this method, in the presence of protic acids, alcohol dehydrates to produce alkenes and ethers under different conditions. For example, in the presence of sulphuric acid, dehydration of ethanol at 413 K yields ethoxyethane, whereas it yields ethene at 443 K.
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Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature02:54

Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature

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In most main group element compounds, the valence electrons of the isolated atoms combine to form chemical bonds that satisfy the octet rule. For instance, the four valence electrons of carbon overlap with electrons from four hydrogen atoms to form CH4. The one valence electron leaves sodium and adds to the seven valence electrons of chlorine to form the ionic formula unit NaCl (Figure 1a). Transition metals do not normally bond in this fashion. They primarily form coordinate covalent bonds, a...
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Structure and Nomenclature of Ethers02:28

Structure and Nomenclature of Ethers

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Structure and Bonding
Ethers are organic compounds with an ether functional group which is characterized by an oxygen atom connected to two — identical or different — alkyl, aryl, or vinyl groups. The C–O–C linkage in dimethyl ether — the simplest ether — has an approximately tetrahedral bond angle of 110.3 degrees. The oxygen atom is sp3- hybridized, with the C–O distance being about 140 pm.
Classification of Ethers
Based on their attached substituent...
14.8K
Molecules and Compounds02:38

Molecules and Compounds

69.0K
Atoms and Molecules
69.0K

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Xenon Trioxide Coordination Complexes of Crown Ethers: (CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>4</sub>XeO<sub>3</sub> and Xe(VI) Hydrates, [(CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>6</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)XeO<sub>3</sub>]⋅ H<sub>2</sub>O and [(CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>6</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)XeO<sub>3</sub>]<sub>2</sub> ⋅ 2H<sub>2</sub>O ⋅ HF.

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Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Nitrogen Compound Characterization in Fuels by Multidimensional Gas Chromatography
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Nitrogen Compound Characterization in Fuels by Multidimensional Gas Chromatography

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A Stable Crown Ether Complex with a Noble-Gas Compound.

Katherine M Marczenko1, Hélène P A Mercier1, Gary J Schrobilgen1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4M1, Canada.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|June 29, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Noble gas compounds, like xenon trioxide, can now form stable complexes with crown ethers. This new xenon trioxide-crown ether adduct is kinetically stable and safer than previously known xenon trioxide forms.

Keywords:
Raman spectroscopycrown ethersnoncovalent bondingsingle-crystal X-ray diffractionxenon trioxide

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Area of Science:

  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Noble Gas Chemistry

Background:

  • Crown ethers are versatile polydentate ligands known for over 50 years.
  • No prior reports existed of complexes between noble gas compounds and crown ethers or similar ligands.
  • Xenon trioxide (XeO3) is a known compound, but its solid form is shock-sensitive.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the complexation of noble gas compounds with crown ethers.
  • To synthesize and characterize a novel adduct between xenon trioxide and 15-crown-5.
  • To evaluate the stability and bonding characteristics of the new complex.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of the xenon trioxide-15-crown-5 adduct.
  • X-ray crystallography to determine the complex's structure.
  • Computational analysis including Wiberg bond valences, empirical bond valences, and electrostatic potential (EP) mapping.
  • Examination of molecular electrostatic potential surfaces (MEPS).

Main Results:

  • A kinetically stable adduct, (CH2CH2O)5XeO3, was formed between xenon trioxide and 15-crown-5.
  • The crystal structure revealed coordination of the crown ether's oxygen atoms to the xenon atom.
  • Bonding analysis indicated predominantly electrostatic interactions and σ-hole bonding between Xe and crown ether oxygen atoms.
  • The adduct is notably less shock-sensitive than solid xenon trioxide.

Conclusions:

  • The study reports the first complex between a noble gas compound and a crown ether.
  • The Xe-Ocrown bonds are primarily electrostatic, consistent with σ-hole interactions.
  • The formation of this stable adduct opens new avenues for noble gas chemistry and materials science.