Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
09:20

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Published on: February 13, 2021

7.1K

Heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction and with preserved ejection fraction

J Petutschnigg1,2, F Edelmann3,4,5

  • 1Medizinische Klinik mit Schwerpunkt Kardiologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin (CVK), Berlin, Germany.

Herz
|June 30, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Heart failure remains a leading diagnosis in German hospitals. This review clarifies heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction (HFmrEF) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) to reduce confusion.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Heart failure (ICD I50) is the leading diagnosis for hospitalized patients in Germany.
  • Echocardiography and cardiac biomarkers aid in diagnosing heart failure.
  • The 2016 European Society of Cardiology guidelines introduced heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction (HFmrEF).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clarify the classification of HFmrEF and HFpEF.
  • To reduce confusion surrounding the new HFmrEF classification.
  • To highlight key findings regarding HFmrEF and HFpEF.

Main Methods:

  • Review of published literature on heart failure classifications.
  • Analysis of diagnostic parameters including echocardiography and biomarkers.
  • Synthesis of current understanding of HFmrEF and HFpEF.

Main Results:

  • HFmrEF and HFpEF together account for half of all heart failure cases.
  • Etiology and treatment strategies differ significantly between HFmrEF and HFpEF.
  • The introduction of HFmrEF has caused confusion within the medical community.

Conclusions:

  • Further elucidation of HFmrEF is necessary.
  • Distinguishing between HFmrEF and HFpEF is crucial for appropriate patient management.
  • This review aims to provide clarity on these heart failure classifications.

Keywords:
Cardiac failureEtiologyExercise and trainingHeart failure therapyStroke volume

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Relationship Between Lipotoxicity and HFpEF03:42

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Relationship Between Lipotoxicity and HFpEF

Published on: March 29, 2024

2.1K
A Surgical Model of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction in Tibetan Minipigs07:09

A Surgical Model of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction in Tibetan Minipigs

Published on: February 18, 2022

2.4K

Related Concept Videos

Partial Fractions01:28

Partial Fractions

A partial fraction is a component of a rational expression represented as the sum of simpler fractions. When a rational function is expressed as a ratio of two polynomials, it can often be decomposed into a sum of fractions whose denominators are simpler polynomials, typically linear or irreducible quadratic factors. This process is called partial fraction decomposition, and it is used to simplify complex expressions for integration, solving equations, or analysis.Partial fraction decomposition...
227
Subcellular Fractionation01:32

Subcellular Fractionation

The homogenate obtained after cell lysis contains various membrane-bound organelles that can be further separated into pure fractions by subcellular fractionation. These isolates are used to study specific cellular components, analyze localized protein activity, and are even employed in diagnostics. Fractionation is typically achieved using centrifugation methods, the most common being density-gradient and differential centrifugation.
Differential Centrifugation
Differential centrifugation is...
8.9K
Mixtures of Gases: Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures and Mole Fractions03:03

Mixtures of Gases: Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures and Mole Fractions

Unless individual gases chemically react with each other, the individual gases in a mixture of gases do not affect each other’s pressure. Each gas in a mixture exerts the same pressure that it would exert if it were present alone in the container. The pressure exerted by each individual gas in a mixture is called its partial pressure.
44.3K
Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
978
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
3.9K
Heart Failure I: Introduction01:27

Heart Failure I: Introduction

Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
927