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Predictive regulation and human design.

Peter Sterling1

  • 1Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States.

Elife
|June 30, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Evolution favored efficient resource use through predictive regulation (allostasis). Modern humans face health crises from overconsumption, challenging regulatory systems tuned for scarcity, not abundance.

Keywords:
allostasisconsumptionenergy constrainthuman biologymedicineneurosciencereward prediction

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Neuroscience
  • Metabolic regulation

Background:

  • Organisms evolved complex regulatory systems for efficient energy and resource utilization.
  • Predictive regulation, or allostasis, matches resources to needs, a core evolutionary principle.
  • Human cognitive complexity led to resource abundance, challenging these ancient regulatory mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the evolutionary basis of regulatory systems.
  • To understand why modern humans exhibit excessive consumption despite resource abundance.
  • To question the efficacy of technical solutions for complex metabolic and mood disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual analysis of evolutionary pressures on biological systems.
  • Review of the principles of allostasis and predictive regulation.
  • Examination of the mismatch between evolved regulatory systems and modern environments.

Main Results:

  • Efficiency in complex organisms relies on prediction, from environmental regularities to internal bodily needs.
  • Allostasis, or predictive regulation, conserves resources by dynamically adjusting energy and nutrient flows.
  • Abundant resources in modern societies overwhelm regulatory systems tuned for scarcity, leading to diseases like obesity and diabetes.

Conclusions:

  • The current health crisis stems from a mismatch between evolved regulatory systems and modern resource abundance.
  • Technical solutions (e.g., drugs) may be insufficient for addressing complex circuit dysregulation.
  • A re-evaluation of our regulatory system's 'demand for more' is necessary, considering its evolutionary origins.