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Groove in drum patterns as a function of both rhythmic properties and listeners' attitudes
Olivier Senn1, Lorenz Kilchenmann1, Toni Bechtold1
1School of Music, Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Lucerne, Switzerland.
Plos One
|June 30, 2018
Summary
Groove perception is strongly influenced by personal factors like musical taste and experience, not just musical elements. Listener familiarity and style preference significantly impact how much groove a drum pattern evokes.
Area of Science:
- Music Psychology
- Auditory Perception
- Cognitive Science
Background:
- Groove, the urge to move in sync with music, is linked to rhythmic elements like syncopation and event density.
- Previous research identified several musical features associated with groove, but listener-dependent factors remain less explored.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the groove effect of reconstructed drum patterns from various popular music genres.
- To identify factors, both musical and listener-based, that influence the perception of groove.
Main Methods:
- Reconstruction of 248 drum patterns from popular music across eight genres.
- An online listening experiment with 665 participants rating drum patterns using a groove questionnaire.
- Statistical analysis of 15 tested variables, including musical features and listener characteristics.
Main Results:
- Syncopation and event density showed a positive association with groove ratings.
- Listener expertise modulated the effect of syncopation and event density.
- Participant familiarity and, most significantly, style bias (liking the perceived music genre) were strong predictors of groove ratings.
- Combined effects of style bias and familiarity explained a substantial portion of the variance in groove perception.
Conclusions:
- Listener's subjective experience, including musical taste, personal history, and expertise, significantly shapes their perception of groove.
- Future groove research should integrate listener-centric variables alongside musical characteristics for a more comprehensive understanding.
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