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Related Concept Videos

Structural Classification of Joints01:20

Structural Classification of Joints

7.3K
Joints, also known as articulations, are classified based on their structural characteristics, i.e., based on whether the articulating surfaces of the adjacent bones are directly connected by fibrous connective tissue or cartilage, or whether the articulating surfaces contact each other within a fluid-filled joint cavity. These differences serve to divide the joints of the body into three structural classifications.
A fibrous joint is where the adjacent bones are united by fibrous connective...
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Functional Classification of Joints01:09

Functional Classification of Joints

7.0K
Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
Synarthrosis
An...
7.0K
Structural Joints: Synovial Joints01:16

Structural Joints: Synovial Joints

7.1K
Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. A key structural characteristic for a synovial joint is the presence of a joint cavity. This fluid-filled space is where the articulating surfaces of the bones contact each other. Also, unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surfaces at a synovial joint are not directly connected to each other with fibrous connective tissue or cartilage. This gives the bones of a synovial joint the ability to move smoothly...
7.1K
Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints01:03

Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints

3.8K
Fibrous joints are a type of joint where the bones are connected by fibrous connective tissue. These joints provide stability and minimal to no movement between the articulating bones. There are three types of fibrous joints.
Suture
All the bones of the skull, except for the mandible, are joined to each other by a fibrous joint called a suture. The fibrous connective tissue found at a suture strongly unites the adjacent skull bones and thus helps to protect the brain and form the face. In...
3.8K
Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints01:17

Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints

4.1K
As the name indicates, at a cartilaginous joint, the adjacent bones are united by cartilage, a tough but flexible type of connective tissue. Unlike synovial joints, these types of joints lack a joint cavity and involve bones joined together by either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage.
There are two types of cartilaginous joints:
Synchondrosis
A synchondrosis ("joined by cartilage") is a cartilaginous joint where bones are connected by hyaline cartilage. Synchondrosis may be temporary...
4.1K
Joints01:26

Joints

35.8K
Joints, also called articulations or articular surfaces, are points at which ligaments or other tissues connect adjacent bones. Joints permit movement and stability, and can be classified based on their structure or function.
Structural joint classifications are based on the material that makes up the joint as well as whether or not the joint contains a space between the bones. Joints are structurally classified as fibrous, cartilaginous, or synovial.
Fibrous Joints Are Immovable
The bones of a...
35.8K

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Does simultaneous alloplastic temporomandibular joint reconstruction affect the accuracy of Le Fort I osteotomy?

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In vivo wear behavior and chemical alterations in a cohort of total temporomandibular joint replacements from a single design.

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Materials, design, manufacturing, and regulatory status of alloplastic temporomandibular joint prostheses: insights from Brazil.

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Peri-articular bone formation involving the temporomandibular joint: a narrative summary and Delphi consensus of a new classification system.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Systematic Assessment of Mammalian Skull Specimens for Dental and Temporomandibular Joint Pathology
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Systematic Assessment of Mammalian Skull Specimens for Dental and Temporomandibular Joint Pathology

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Extended total temporomandibular joint replacements: a classification system.

R Elledge1, L G Mercuri2, B Speculand1

  • 1University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust.

The British Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery
|July 1, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new classification system for extended total temporomandibular joint replacements (eTJR). This system aids communication regarding custom prostheses for complex mandibular and skull base defects.

Keywords:
temporomandibular jointtotal joint replacement

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Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Medical Device Design

Background:

  • Total temporomandibular joint replacement (TJR) is established in the UK with defined guidelines and outcomes.
  • Custom-made TJR, utilizing CAD/CAM technology, has evolved into extended versions (eTJR) for complex defects.
  • Published data on eTJR remains limited, primarily consisting of case reports.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel classification system for extended total temporomandibular joint replacement (eTJR) prostheses.
  • To facilitate standardized communication between surgeons and manufacturers regarding custom eTJR designs.
  • To provide a framework for understanding and documenting complex TJR cases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of 19 extended prostheses from a single manufacturer (TMJ Concepts).
  • Development of a bipartite classification system based on prosthesis characteristics.
  • Analysis of indications and applications for eTJR in segmental mandibular or skull base defects.

Main Results:

  • A bipartite classification system for eTJR prostheses was developed.
  • The classification addresses extended components for ramus and fossa replacement.
  • The system is based on a review of 19 custom-manufactured eTJR devices.

Conclusions:

  • A novel bipartite classification system for eTJR is proposed.
  • This classification aims to standardize terminology and improve communication in TJR surgery.
  • The system provides a structured approach to describing and categorizing complex, custom-designed temporomandibular joint prostheses.