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Acquired neuromuscular dysfunction in the intensive care unit
L Sánchez Solana1, I Goñi Bilbao1, P Ruiz García1
1Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, España.
Enfermeria Intensiva
|July 1, 2018
Summary
Intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICUAW) is linked to longer ventilator use and mortality. Rehabilitation therapy significantly improves outcomes for patients with ICUAW.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Critical Care Medicine
- Rehabilitation Science
Background:
- Intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICUAW), encompassing polyneuropathy and myopathy, affects critically ill patients.
- Prolonged mechanical ventilation is a significant risk factor for developing ICUAW.
- Understanding ICUAW's impact and effective treatments is crucial for patient recovery.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of various rehabilitative treatments for patients diagnosed with ICUAW.
- To explore the relationship between ICUAW and key clinical indicators.
Main Methods:
- A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines.
- Searches were performed across major databases including Medline, Scielo, Web of Science, Cochrane, Cuiden, and Science Direct.
- 10 selected studies involving 717 ICU patients were analyzed.
Main Results:
- A statistically significant association was found between ICUAW and ventilator disconnection failure, mortality, extended ICU stays, and duration of mechanical ventilation.
- Rehabilitation therapy demonstrated improvement in these indicators for patients with ICUAW.
- Corticosteroid use did not show a correlation with neuromuscular alterations.
Conclusions:
- ICUAW is significantly associated with adverse outcomes in ICU patients.
- Rehabilitation therapy is an effective intervention for improving outcomes in ICUAW.
- Further research may clarify the role of other interventions, while corticosteroids appear unrelated to neuromuscular changes in this context.
Keywords:
Artificial respirationCorticoesteroidesCorticosteroidsCritical illness myopathyCritical illness polyneuropathyDesconexión del ventiladorMiopatía del paciente críticoMortalidadMortalityPolineuropatía del paciente críticoRehabilitaciónRehabilitationRespiración artificialTerapiaTherapyVentilator disconnection
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