Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Translation01:31

Translation

157.1K
Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of...
157.1K
Translation01:31

Translation

17.9K
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Proteins are...
17.9K
The Uncertainty Principle04:08

The Uncertainty Principle

32.7K
Werner Heisenberg considered the limits of how accurately one can measure properties of an electron or other microscopic particles. He determined that there is a fundamental limit to how accurately one can measure both a particle’s position and its momentum simultaneously. The more accurate the measurement of the momentum of a particle is known, the less accurate the position at that time is known and vice versa. This is what is now called the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. He...
32.7K
Initiation of Translation02:33

Initiation of Translation

39.1K
Initiating translation is complex because it involves multiple molecules. Initiator tRNA, ribosomal subunits, and eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are all required to assemble on the initiation codon of mRNA. This process consists of several steps that are mediated by different eIFs.
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
39.1K
Hardy-Weinberg Principle01:49

Hardy-Weinberg Principle

76.5K
Diploid organisms have two alleles of each gene, one from each parent, in their somatic cells. Therefore, each individual contributes two alleles to the gene pool of the population. The gene pool of a population is the sum of every allele of all genes within that population and has some degree of variation. Genetic variation is typically expressed as a relative frequency, which is the percentage of the total population that has a given allele, genotype or phenotype.
76.5K
Termination of Translation01:44

Termination of Translation

27.8K
The large ribosomal subunit has several important structures essential to translation. These include the peptidyl transferase center (PTC) - which is the site where the peptide bond is formed - and a large, internal, water-filled tube through which the nascent polypeptide moves. This latter structure is called the Peptide Exit Tunnel, and it begins at the PTC and spans the body of the large ribosomal subunit. During translation, as the nascent polypeptide chain is synthesized, it passes through...
27.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

From sequence to protein structure and conformational dynamics with artificial intelligence/machine learning.

Structural dynamics (Melville, N.Y.)·2025
Same author

Postnatal downregulation of Fmr1 in microglia promotes microglial reactivity and causes behavioural alterations in female mice.

Molecular autism·2025
Same author

PARP inhibitor radiosensitization enhances anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy through stabilizing chemokine mRNA in small cell lung cancer.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

Guidelines for minimal reporting requirements, design and interpretation of experiments involving the use of eukaryotic dual gene expression reporters (MINDR).

Nature structural & molecular biology·2025
Same author

Lineage plasticity of the integrated stress response is a hallmark of cancer evolution.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

eIF4F-mediated dysregulation of mRNA translation in cancer.

RNA (New York, N.Y.)·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Principles of Rodent Surgery for the New Surgeon
10:29

Principles of Rodent Surgery for the New Surgeon

Published on: January 6, 2011

117.5K

Principles of Translational Control.

John W B Hershey1, Nahum Sonenberg2, Michael B Mathews3

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616.

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology
|July 1, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review explores translational control, the regulation of protein synthesis. It details the molecular mechanisms and targets involved in controlling how genetic information becomes functional proteins.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Polysome Profiling Protocol for Studying Translational Regulation in Arabidopsis Under Heat Stress
08:39

Author Spotlight: Polysome Profiling Protocol for Studying Translational Regulation in Arabidopsis Under Heat Stress

Published on: October 11, 2024

2.2K
Xenopus laevis as a Model to Identify Translation Impairment
10:24

Xenopus laevis as a Model to Identify Translation Impairment

Published on: September 27, 2015

11.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Principles of Rodent Surgery for the New Surgeon
10:29

Principles of Rodent Surgery for the New Surgeon

Published on: January 6, 2011

117.5K
Author Spotlight: Polysome Profiling Protocol for Studying Translational Regulation in Arabidopsis Under Heat Stress
08:39

Author Spotlight: Polysome Profiling Protocol for Studying Translational Regulation in Arabidopsis Under Heat Stress

Published on: October 11, 2024

2.2K
Xenopus laevis as a Model to Identify Translation Impairment
10:24

Xenopus laevis as a Model to Identify Translation Impairment

Published on: September 27, 2015

11.1K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Protein synthesis is a fundamental biological process.
  • Translational control regulates protein production at the messenger RNA (mRNA) level.
  • Understanding these regulatory mechanisms is crucial for comprehending cellular function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the targets of translational control.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms employed in translational regulation.
  • To provide insights into the molecular structures and kinetic interactions of protein synthesis components.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on translational control.
  • Analysis of molecular structures and kinetic interactions.
  • Focus on specific messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and their regulatory elements.

Main Results:

  • Identified key targets of translational control.
  • Described various mechanisms regulating protein synthesis.
  • Highlighted the importance of molecular interactions in translational regulation.

Conclusions:

  • Translational control is a critical layer of gene expression regulation.
  • Detailed knowledge of molecular mechanisms is essential for understanding protein synthesis.
  • Further research into translational control can reveal new therapeutic targets.