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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

A Comprehensive Protocol for Manual Segmentation of the Medial Temporal Lobe Structures

A Comprehensive Protocol for Manual Segmentation of the Medial Temporal Lobe Structures

Published on: July 2, 2014

Eye movements support the link between conscious memory and medial temporal lobe function.

Zhisen J Urgolites^1,2, Christine N Smith^1,2, Larry R Squire^3,2,4,5

¹Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

|July 1, 2018

Summary

The preferential viewing effect, where correct memory choices receive more viewing time, is linked to conscious declarative memory. This effect is dependent on the medial temporal lobe, supporting its role in conscious recall.

Keywords:

amnesia awareness hippocampus recognition memory

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Neuroscience
Psychology

Background:

Individuals show preferential viewing towards recently studied items in memory tests.
Viewing time can distinguish between correctly and incorrectly identified old items, even when confidence is similar.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the type of memory system supporting the preferential viewing effect.
To determine the role of the medial temporal lobe in this phenomenon.

Main Methods:

Recording eye movements during three-alternative, forced-choice recognition memory tasks for scenes.
Correlating the preferential viewing effect with measures of declarative memory (accuracy, confidence, response times).
Examining the effect in patients with medial temporal lobe lesions.

Main Results:

The preferential viewing effect strongly correlated with conscious declarative memory measures.
The effect was absent when declarative memory contributions were minimized.
Memory-impaired patients showed a diminished preferential viewing effect and poorer declarative memory.

Conclusions:

The preferential viewing effect is a manifestation of conscious, declarative memory.
This effect is dependent on medial temporal lobe function.
Medial temporal lobe integrity is crucial for declarative memory and associated viewing behaviors.