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Evidence on radiation dose reduction using rectangular collimation: a systematic review.

Avdeesh Shetty1, Fabiana T Almeida1, Seema Ganatra1

  • 1School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonoton, AB, Canada.

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|July 1, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rectangular collimation significantly reduces radiation dose during intraoral imaging by 40% to 92% compared to circular collimation. This finding supports its use in dental practices to minimize patient exposure.

Keywords:
Systematic reviewcollimationdental radiographydose reductionintraoral imaging

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Area of Science:

  • Radiological Sciences
  • Dental Imaging
  • Radiation Protection

Background:

  • Intraoral radiography aims for diagnostic value with minimal radiation exposure.
  • The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) recommends dose-reduction strategies.
  • Optimizing radiation dose is crucial in diagnostic imaging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if rectangular collimation reduces radiation absorbed dose in intraoral imaging compared to other collimation methods.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of rectangular collimation in patient or phantom studies.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search across multiple databases (MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, etc.) and grey literature.
  • Inclusion of studies comparing radiation dose with rectangular collimation versus other types or no collimation.
  • Qualitative appraisal using MINORS for bias assessment and GRADE for evidence level determination.

Main Results:

  • Thirteen studies involving various receptors (film, PSP, digital sensors) were analyzed.
  • Radiation dose reduction ranged from 40% to 92% with rectangular collimation compared to circular collimation.
  • Moderate level of evidence found, with high heterogeneity among studies.

Conclusions:

  • Moderate evidence supports that rectangular collimation significantly reduces radiation dose compared to round collimation.
  • Implementation of rectangular collimation is justified in clinical settings for intraoral radiography.
  • This technique contributes to achieving the 'as low as reasonably achievable' (ALARA) principle in dental radiography.