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Related Concept Videos

Chirality02:25

Chirality

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Chirality is a term that describes the lack of mirror symmetry in an object. In other words, chiral objects cannot be superposed on their mirror images. For example, our feet are chiral, as the mirror image of the left foot, the right foot, cannot be superposed on the left foot.
Chiral objects exhibit a sense of handedness when they interact with another chiral object. For example, our left foot can only fit in the left shoe and not in the right shoe. Achiral objects — objects that have...
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Chirality in Nature02:30

Chirality in Nature

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Chirality is the most intriguing yet essential facet of nature, governing life’s biochemical processes and precision. It can be observed from a snail shell pattern in a macroscopic world to an amino acid, the minutest building block of life. Most of the snails around the world have right-coiled shells because of the intrinsic chirality in their genes. All the amino acids present in the human body exist in an enantiomerically pure state, except for glycine - the sole achiral amino acid.
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Chirality at Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur02:30

Chirality at Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur

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Chirality is most prevalent in carbon-based tetrahedral compounds, but this important facet of molecular symmetry extends to sp3-hybridized nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur centers, including trivalent molecules with lone pairs. Here, the lone pair behaves as a functional group in addition to the other three substituents to form an analogous tetrahedral center that can be chiral.
A consequence of chirality is the need for enantiomeric resolution. While this is theoretically possible for all...
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Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers02:25

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Molecules that possess multiple chiral centers can afford a large number of stereoisomers. For instance, while some molecules like 2-butanol have one chiral center, defined as a tetrahedral carbon atom with four different substituents attached, several molecules like butane-2,3-diol have multiple chiral centers. A simple formula to predict the number of stereoisomers possible for a molecule with n chiral centers is 2n. However, there can be a lower number where some of the stereoisomers are...
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Design Example: Alignment of a Road Line Using GIS01:17

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The alignment of a road line using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is a critical process in civil engineering, combining advanced technology with practical decision-making. This methodology begins with the collection of geospatial data, including information on land cover, geomorphology, drainage patterns, slope, and contour details. Such data is typically acquired through satellite imagery and GIS tools, offering a comprehensive understanding of the terrain.Once the data is gathered, it...
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Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification03:00

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Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
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Aesthetically Enhanced Silica Aerogel Via Incorporation of Laser Etching and Dyes
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Outline-etching image segmentation reveals enhanced cell chirality through intercellular alignment.

Yaozhun Huang1, Yuanye Bao1, Hoi Kwan Kwong1

  • 1Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong.

Biotechnology and Bioengineering
|July 1, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new image processing method accurately measures cell orientation in dense cultures. This technique reveals enhanced chiral orientation in C2C12 myoblasts on glass, linked to intercellular alignment, aiding tissue development studies.

Keywords:
cell chiralitycell orientationimage segmentationmorphogenesis

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Area of Science:

  • Cell biology
  • Biophysics
  • Image analysis

Background:

  • Cells on micropatterns show chiral orientation, potentially driving left-right asymmetry in tissues.
  • Analyzing cell orientation in dense cultures is challenging due to overlapping nuclei.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Develop an image processing method for quantifying cell orientation in dense populations.
  • Investigate factors influencing chiral orientation in cultured myoblasts.

Main Methods:

  • Image processing technique using Boolean addition and iterative contour etching to segment overlapping nuclei.
  • Quantitative analysis of cell orientation in C2C12 myoblasts cultured on micropatterned stripes.

Main Results:

  • Successfully extracted individual cell orientations from densely packed cell clusters.
  • Observed enhanced chiral orientation in C2C12 myoblasts on glass substrates.
  • Found that increased intercellular alignment correlates with enhanced chirality, independent of cell density.

Conclusions:

  • The developed image processing method enables accurate, automated analysis of cell orientation in dense cultures.
  • Intercellular alignment is a key factor in determining chiral orientation during tissue formation.
  • This technique is valuable for studying left-right asymmetry and morphogenic dynamics.