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Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
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Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
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Surgeons Corner: Cavernoscopy for Rear Tip Extender Removal.

Nannan Thirumavalavan1, Christopher R V Hoover2, Martin S Gross3

  • 1Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.

The Journal of Sexual Medicine
|July 2, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cavernoscopy is a feasible technique for retrieving embedded rear tip extenders (RTEs) during penile prosthesis surgery. While effective, less-invasive methods show comparable success rates for RTE removal.

Keywords:
CavernoscopyInflatable Penile ProsthesisRear Tip ExtenderSurgical Complications

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Surgical Techniques
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Cavernoscopy, utilizing a cystoscope within the corpora cavernosa, is a traditional method for retrieving embedded rear tip extenders (RTEs).
  • These RTEs can become lodged during the removal or replacement of inflatable penile prostheses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the indications and technical aspects of performing cavernoscopy.
  • To describe a preferred method for cavernoscopy aimed at retrieving retained RTEs.

Main Methods:

  • A detailed description of the authors' preferred cavernoscopy technique for RTE retrieval.
  • A comprehensive literature review on cavernoscopy for embedded RTEs.

Main Results:

  • Cavernoscopy is technically feasible for removing embedded RTEs, as supported by case reports.
  • Alternative, less-invasive retrieval methods demonstrate similar efficacy to cavernoscopy.

Conclusions:

  • Cavernoscopy is a viable procedural option within a stepwise approach for managing retained RTEs.
  • The study highlights the technical feasibility of cavernoscopy for RTE removal.