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Related Concept Videos

Drug Therapy01:28

Drug Therapy

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The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
Antianxiety Medications
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Drug Administration and Therapy Phases: Overview01:26

Drug Administration and Therapy Phases: Overview

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Drugs, the chemical agents used in diagnosing, treating, or preventing diseases, undergo a four-phase process of development: pharmaceutic, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and therapeutic.
The pharmaceutical phase focuses on leveraging the physicochemical properties of the drug to design and manufacture an effective product. Variants include orally administered tablets or capsules, topical creams or ointments, and parenteral-delivery solutions or emulsions.
The pharmacokinetic phase...
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Hypertension IV: Drug Therapy and Lifestyle Modifications01:28

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Multiple classes of antihypertensive medications are employed in treating hypertension. The most commonly recommended first-line treatments include:Thiazide Diuretics, such as chlorthalidone, increase sodium and water excretion from the body, reducing blood volume and blood pressure.Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, like lisinopril, block the conversion of angiotensin I to II, a potent vasoconstrictor lowering blood pressure.Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs) prevent angiotensin II...
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Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy01:26

Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy

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Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT) is an essential intervention for patients experiencing severe kidney dysfunction. This therapy offers a continuous mechanism for removing fluids and toxins from the bloodstream, leveraging the patient’s blood pressure to facilitate filtration through a specialized filter. This method contrasts with intermittent dialysis, providing a gentler and more consistent removal of waste products and excess fluid, which is particularly beneficial in...
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Gene Therapy00:59

Gene Therapy

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Gene therapy is a technique where a gene is inserted into a person’s cells to prevent or treat a serious disease. The added gene may be a healthy version of the gene that is mutated in the patient, or it could be a different gene that inactivates or compensates for the patient’s disease-causing gene. For example, in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) due to a mutation in the gene for the enzyme adenosine deaminase, a functioning version of the gene can be...
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Group Therapy01:26

Group Therapy

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Group therapy is a sociocultural approach to psychological treatment, where individuals with shared psychological challenges come together under the guidance of a mental health professional. This therapeutic modality offers unique opportunities for individuals to connect, share, and grow within the context of a supportive group. By fostering mutual understanding and collaboration, group therapy can address a range of psychological concerns effectively, often complementing or surpassing the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Primed Mycobacterial Uveitis PMU as a Model for Post-Infectious Uveitis
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Optimising drug therapy for non-infectious uveitis.

Mohammad Ali Shahab1, Tahreem Aman Mir2, Sidra Zafar3

  • 1Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan. mohammadali.shahab.m11@student.aku.edu.

International Ophthalmology
|July 2, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Non-infectious uveitis, an autoimmune eye inflammation, presents treatment challenges. This review explores current and emerging therapies, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha and interleukin (IL) agents, to manage this sight-threatening condition.

Keywords:
Anti-TNFBiologicsCorticosteroidsUveitis

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Non-infectious uveitis involves intraocular inflammation of autoimmune, drug-related, or idiopathic origin.
  • This condition often follows a relapsing-remitting course, posing treatment difficulties for ophthalmologists.
  • Persistent inflammation necessitates exploring novel therapies targeting specific inflammatory pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current medical treatment options for non-infectious uveitis.
  • To discuss emerging therapies, including biologics targeting specific inflammatory mediators.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent evidence on non-infectious uveitis treatments.
  • Discussion of established and novel therapeutic agents.

Main Results:

  • Current treatments include anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory agents.
  • Emerging therapies focus on targeted agents like anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha, anti-interleukin, and anti-interleukin receptor agents.
  • Balancing treatment benefits and risks is crucial for patient outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management requires careful consideration of individual patient circumstances and therapy pros and cons.
  • Informed patient choice through comprehensive counseling is essential for successful treatment.
  • Advancements in targeted therapies offer new hope for managing refractory non-infectious uveitis.