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MicroRNAs01:22

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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A decreasing function describes a relationship where the output consistently declines as the input increases. This means that for any two input values, if one is greater than the other, the corresponding output is smaller. Mathematically, a function f is decreasing on an interval I if for every x1 < x2​ in I, f (x1) > f (x2). This type of behavior is visually identified on a graph that slopes downward from left to right.The nature of a function can be analyzed by calculating...
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Rise in antifibrotic and decrease in profibrotic microRNA protect the heart against fibrosis during pregnancy: A

Ewa Szczerba1,2, Agnieszka Zajkowska3, Anna Bochowicz1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Institute of Mother and Child, Warszawa, Poland.

Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine : Official Organ Wroclaw Medical University
|July 3, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Physiological pregnancy involves volume overload, but its effect on cardiac fibrosis is unclear. This study found specific microRNA changes in late pregnancy, suggesting a protective mechanism against fibrosis during this period.

Keywords:
cardiac fibrosiscardiac remodelingmicroRNApregnancyvolume overload

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Molecular Cardiology
  • Reproductive Medicine

Background:

  • Physiological pregnancy induces volume overload, a condition typically associated with cardiac pathologies like valve regurgitation.
  • While pregnancy is not traditionally linked to cardiac fibrosis, the alterations in the cardiac extracellular matrix during gestation remain largely uncharacterized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the expression patterns of 11 microRNAs implicated in cardiac fibrosis during pregnancy.
  • To compare these microRNA expression levels between pregnant women and a healthy non-pregnant control cohort.

Main Methods:

  • The study included 6 pregnant women (30-36 weeks gestation) and 6 non-pregnant controls.
  • Echocardiography, blood pressure measurements, and blood sampling were performed on all participants.
  • MicroRNA expression was quantified using Custom TaqMan® Array MicroRNA Cards.

Main Results:

  • Most of the 11 studied microRNAs showed lower expression in the pregnant group compared to controls.
  • A significant upregulation of miR-101a (244% increase) was observed in the third trimester of pregnancy.
  • A substantial downregulation of miR-328 (73% decrease) was also noted in pregnant women.

Conclusions:

  • The observed changes in miR-101a and miR-328 expression during late pregnancy may serve as a protective mechanism against cardiac fibrosis.
  • These findings shed light on the molecular adaptations of the heart's extracellular matrix during the volume overload of physiological pregnancy.