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Cortical Proprioceptive Processing Is Altered by Aging.

Harri Piitulainen1,2, Santtu Seipäjärvi2, Janne Avela2

  • 1Sensorimotor Systems Group, Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland.

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Aging impairs proprioception, affecting cortical processing. Older adults show stronger corticokinematic coherence (CKC) during ankle movements, indicating altered brain-cortex communication and predicting poorer postural stability.

Keywords:
agingbalancecoherencepassive movementproprioceptionsensorimotor cortexsensorimotor integrationsomatosensory

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Proprioceptive perception declines with age, but cortical-level changes remain poorly understood.
  • Corticokinematic coherence (CKC) quantifies cortical processing of proprioceptive input by linking limb movement to brain activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare CKC in younger and older adults during ankle movements.
  • To investigate if CKC predicts postural stability in different age groups.

Main Methods:

  • Magnetoencephalography (MEG) and a novel ankle-movement actuator were used to measure CKC in 15 younger and 8 older adults.
  • Coherence was calculated between foot acceleration and MEG signals at movement frequency (F0) and its first harmonic (F1).
  • Postural sway was assessed during eyes-open and eyes-closed standing tasks.

Main Results:

  • Older adults exhibited significantly stronger CKC at F0 (~76%) compared to younger adults.
  • CKC at F1 was stronger in older adults for the dominant leg (~15%) and in younger adults for the non-dominant leg.
  • Increased postural sway was observed in older adults, particularly with eyes closed (~64%).
  • CKC at F1 in the dominant leg and age were significant predictors of postural sway.

Conclusions:

  • Aging alters cortical-proprioceptive processing, with stronger CKC potentially indicating poorer processing rather than increased afference.
  • CKC measurement, combined with specialized actuators, offers a method to study proprioception in aging, rehabilitation, and motor disorders.