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Published on: October 13, 2023
Dietary patterns and primary liver cancer in Chinese adults: a case-control study
Qiu-Ye Lan1, Gong-Cheng Liao1, Rui-Fen Zhou1
1School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China.
Introduction:
Healthy dietary patterns may prevent many chronic diseases, and is emphasized by 2015 US dietary guideline, but it remains unclear which dietary patterns may be benefit to prevention of primary liver cancer (PLC).
Materials And Methods:
We recruited 782 PLC cases and 1:1 age- and sex-matched controls in Guangzhou, China. Habitual dietary intake was assessed by face-to-face interview using a 79-item food frequency questionnaire, and used to explore dietary patterns by factor analysis.
Results:
Three dietary patterns were identified: 1) an urban prudent dietary pattern (UPDP) characterized by high in dairy products, eggs, mushrooms, nuts and soy foods, but low in refined grains; 2) a traditional Cantonese dietary pattern (TCDP) consisting of a high intake of fruit and vegetables, fish, Cantonese soup, and Chinese herb tea; and 3) a high meat and preserved food pattern (MPFP). Multivariable analyses showed favorable associations for the first two dietary patterns, but unfavorable association for the last one (all p-trend < 0.01). Odds ratios (95% CI) of PLC for the highest (vs. lowest) quartile of pattern scores of the three patterns were 0.25 (0.18-0.35), 0.61 (0.46-0.82), and 1.98 (1.46-2.69), respectively.
Conclusions:
Our findings suggest that the UPDP and TCDP were associated with lower, whereas the MPFP with higher, risk of PLC.
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