Thoracoscopic resection for mediastinal thymolipoma in a child

Thymolipoma is a rare disease among benign tumors. We herein report the case of a child who underwent thoracoscopic resection of a large thymolipoma. A 3-year-old boy was diagnosed with an anterior mediastinal solid tumor. Thoracic imaging revealed a fat density mass that was 8.0 × 5.0 × 3.5 cm in size. Given the MRI findings of the tumor, we suspected that the lesion was a teratoma. We decided to perform thoracoscopic exploration and, if possible, resection of the solid tumor sequentially. We successfully resected the tumor thoracoscopically. A histological examination revealed thymolipoma. For large mediastinal tumors in the intrathoracic space in children, the thoracoscopic approach is recommended when the tumor is preoperatively considered to be benign and resectable.