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Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia01:29

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

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Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
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It is essential to understand the difference between chiral and achiral interactions and the implications thereof in optical activity and their applications. Just as our feet, which are chiral, interact uniquely with chiral objects, such as a pair of shoes, but identically with achiral socks, enantiomers of a molecule exhibit different properties only when they interact with other chiral media. An example of a significant implication from this facet is the phenomenon known as optical activity,...
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Optical microscopy uses optic principles to provide detailed images of samples. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek designed the first compound optical microscope in the 17th century to visualize blood cells, bacteria, and yeast cells. In 1830, Joseph Jackson Lister created an essentially modern light microscope. The 20th century saw the development of microscopes with enhanced magnification and resolution.
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Isomerism in Complexes
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Transition metal complexes often exist as geometric isomers, in which the same atoms are connected through the same types of bonds but with differences in their orientation in space. Coordination complexes with two different ligands in the cis and trans positions from a ligand of interest form isomers. For example, the octahedral [Co(NH3)4Cl2]+ ion has two isomers (Figure 1) In the cis...
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Smart Optical Catheters for Epidurals.

Benito Carotenuto1, Armando Ricciardi2, Alberto Micco3

  • 1Optoelectronics Group, Department of Engineering, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy. benito.carotenuto@unisannio.it.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 4, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces an improved optically sensorized epidural catheter for anesthesia. The new design enhances safety and versatility, confirmed reliable in animal studies for precise placement.

Keywords:
clinical applicationsfiber Bragg gratingsfiber optics sensorsmedical optics instrumentation

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Anesthesiology
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Epidural anesthesia needle placement is operator-dependent and technically challenging.
  • Optically sensorized needles previously improved epidural procedure effectiveness.
  • Existing sensorized needles face biocompatibility and versatility limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an optimized optically sensorized epidural catheter.
  • To address biocompatibility issues and enhance device versatility.
  • To validate the reliability of the integrated sensor design in a preclinical model.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of an optical fiber strain sensor directly within an epidural catheter.
  • Biocompatibility assessment of the integrated sensorized catheter.
  • In vivo validation using a porcine model for insertion and monitoring.

Main Results:

  • The novel integrated sensor design resolved prior biocompatibility concerns.
  • The optimized catheter demonstrated increased versatility compared to previous configurations.
  • The in vivo study confirmed the reliability of the sensorized catheter for epidural space navigation.

Conclusions:

  • Direct integration of optical fiber strain sensors into epidural catheters is feasible and effective.
  • This approach enhances safety and precision in locoregional anesthesia procedures.
  • The technology enables real-time catheter monitoring during insertion into biological spaces.