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KIRs gene content diversity in Iranians with urothelial bladder cancer

Elham Jamali1, Shaghik Barani2, Fahimeh Yousefinejad1

  • 1Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

Molecular Biology Reports
|July 4, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) influence bladder cancer risk. Specific KIR genes (KIR2DL2, KIR2DS2) may offer protection, while the CxT4 gene cluster might increase susceptibility in the Iranian population.

Area of Science:

  • Immunogenetics
  • Oncology
  • Genomic Diversity

Background:

  • Natural killer (NK) cells are crucial for innate immunity against tumors and infections.
  • Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) regulate NK cell function, with activating (aKIR) and inhibitory (iKIR) types.
  • KIRs interact with MHC-I molecules, modulating NK cell responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the genomic diversity of KIRs in relation to bladder cancer.
  • To determine the association between KIR haplotypes (A, B, Bx) and bladder cancer susceptibility.
  • To explore the role of specific KIR genes and genotypes in bladder cancer development.

Main Methods:

  • Genotyping of KIR gene profiles using polymerase chain reaction with sequence specific primers (SSP-PCR).
  • Analysis of KIR A and B haplotypes and Bx subsets in bladder cancer patients and healthy controls.
  • Comparative frequency analysis of KIR genotypes between patient and control groups.

Main Results:

  • Decreased frequencies of inhibitory KIR2DL2 and activating KIR2DS2 were observed in bladder cancer patients.
  • Increased frequency of CxT4 genotypes was found in bladder cancer patients compared to controls.
  • The CxT4 gene cluster was more prevalent among Bx subsets in bladder cancer patients.

Conclusions:

  • KIR2DL2 and KIR2DS2 may confer a protective effect against bladder cancer.
  • The CxT4 gene cluster may be associated with increased susceptibility to bladder cancer.
  • These findings highlight the potential role of KIR immunogenetics in bladder cancer etiology within the Iranian population.
Keywords:
Bladder cancerKiller immunoglobulin like receptors (KIRs)Natural killer cellPolymerase chain reaction with sequence specific primers (PCR–SSP)

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