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Alterations in the primary teeth of children with microcephaly in Northeast Brazil: a comparative study

Rafaella Máximo Pereira Siqueira1, Maria Teresa Botti Rodrigues Santos2, Glória Maria Pimenta Cabral3

  • 1Dentistry for Patients with Special Needs, School of Dentistry Studies and Research, João Pessoa, Brazil.

International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry
|July 4, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Children with microcephaly experience significant delays in tooth eruption and more anomalies, including enamel defects and altered eruption sequences, compared to typically developing children. This highlights potential oral health challenges for this population.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Dentistry
  • Public Health
  • Developmental Pediatrics

Background:

  • The 2015-2017 microcephaly outbreak in Brazil posed a significant public health challenge.
  • Understanding the developmental impacts of microcephaly is crucial for affected children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare tooth eruption patterns and anomalies in children with microcephaly versus those without.
  • To evaluate the chronology and sequence of dental development in microcephalic infants and toddlers.

Main Methods:

  • A matched-pair comparative study involving 108 children (0-2 years).
  • 54 children with microcephaly (MG) and 54 without (NMG), matched for age, gender, and income.
  • Evaluation of erupted teeth, eruption sequence, and anomalies using statistical tests (Chi-square, t-tests, etc.).

Main Results:

  • Microcephalic children showed significantly higher rates of altered eruption sequence (OR=12.23).
  • Delayed tooth eruption was markedly more prevalent in the microcephaly group (OR=23.12).
  • Enamel opacity and self-injury were also more frequent in children with microcephaly (P<0.05).

Conclusions:

  • Children with microcephaly exhibit delayed tooth eruption chronology and sequence anomalies.
  • Enamel defects are more common in children diagnosed with microcephaly.
  • These findings underscore the need for specialized dental monitoring in microcephalic children.
Abstract

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