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Application of iNKT Cell-targeted Active Immunotherapy in Cancer Treatment
Kimihiro Yamashita1, Akira Arimoto2, Masayasu Nishi2
1Department of Surgery, Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan kiyama@med.kobe-u.ac.jp.
Abstract:
In tumor immunity, invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells play a pivotal role as a link between the innate and adaptive immune systems. With a precisely regulated activation mechanism, iNKT cells have the ability to respond quickly to antigenic stimulation and rapidly produce cytokines and chemokines, and subsequently an effective antitumor immune response. The development of iNKT cell-targeted active immunotherapy enables, not only an antitumor immune response through innate and acquired immunity, but also the conversion of an immunosuppressive into an immunogenic microenvironment. This review is focused on the activation mechanism and the role of iNKT cells after therapeutic active immunization. The therapeutic strategy targeting iNKT cells is expected to be applied to clinical practice in combination with surgery and chemotherapy.
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