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In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...
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[Periodontal tissue engineering and regeneration].

F M Chen1

  • 1Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Xi'an 710032, China.

Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi = Zhonghua Kouqiang Yixue Zazhi = Chinese Journal of Stomatology
|July 6, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Periodontal disease management is challenging, but tissue engineering offers promising solutions. Advances in stem cell therapy and regenerative techniques show potential for restoring damaged periodontal tissues and function.

Keywords:
Cell homingEndogenous regenerationRegenerationStem cellsTissue engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Dentistry
  • Periodontology
  • Biomaterials Science

Background:

  • Periodontal disease affects millions globally, causing tissue defects that conventional therapies struggle to fully regenerate.
  • While inflammation control is crucial, achieving true periodontal regeneration remains a significant clinical challenge.
  • Past decades saw advancements like guided tissue regeneration (GTR) and guided bone regeneration (GBR), improving outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the potential of tissue engineering and stem cell therapy for periodontal regeneration.
  • To highlight recent advancements in regenerative dentistry for treating periodontitis-induced defects.
  • To assess the feasibility of restoring functional periodontal tissues.

Main Methods:

  • Review of advancements in tissue engineering principles and techniques applied to periodontology.
  • Analysis of stem cell therapy applications in preclinical models for periodontal repair.
  • Evaluation of regenerative paradigms developed since the late 1980s.

Main Results:

  • Significant progress in stem cell therapy and tissue engineering has been achieved in the 21st century.
  • Preclinical studies demonstrate curative successes in regenerating periodontal tissues.
  • Tissue engineering shows great potential for regenerating alveolar bone, periodontal ligament, and root cementum.

Conclusions:

  • Tissue engineering offers a promising approach to predictably regenerate the periodontium.
  • These regenerative strategies hold the potential to restore normal tooth structure and function after disease.
  • The integration of tissue engineering principles is advancing periodontal regenerative therapy.