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Adrian H A Lutey1, Laura Gemini2, Luca Romoli3

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New laser-texturing methods create advanced antibacterial surfaces. These surfaces reduce bacterial retention by controlling wettability and surface structure, offering a promising approach for next-generation materials.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Surface Engineering
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Bacterial retention on surfaces is a significant challenge in healthcare and industry.
  • Developing effective antibacterial surfaces requires understanding the interplay of surface properties like wettability and morphology.
  • Existing methods may not sufficiently address bacterial adhesion for diverse bacterial types.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify bacterial retention of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus on laser-textured surfaces.
  • To investigate the influence of wettability and surface morphology on bacterial adhesion.
  • To evaluate ultrashort pulsed laser processing as a method for creating antibacterial surfaces.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized ultrashort pulsed laser processing (1030 nm wavelength, 350 fs pulses) to create various surface textures (spikes, LIPSS, nano-pillars).
  • Quantified bacterial retention using ISO standards for antibacterial performance measurement.
  • Characterized surface morphology (SEM, optical profilometry, shear force microscopy) and wettability (contact angle measurements).

Main Results:

  • Laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) and nano-pillars significantly reduced E. coli retention by over 99% and S. aureus retention by up to 85%.
  • Bacterial retention was influenced by both surface morphology (feature size relative to bacteria) and wettability.
  • Neither superhydrophobicity nor low surface roughness alone was sufficient to eliminate bacterial retention.

Conclusions:

  • Ultrashort pulsed laser processing enables precise control over surface wettability and morphology for antibacterial applications.
  • Tailored surface structures and wettability are crucial for minimizing bacterial adhesion.
  • This laser-based approach is a viable tool for developing next-generation antibacterial surfaces.