Bilateral multifocal Wilms' tumor

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Oncology
• Nephrology
• Surgical Oncology

Background:

• Wilms tumor is a common pediatric kidney cancer.
• Bilateral Wilms tumors require tailored treatment strategies to preserve renal function.

Observation:

• A 3-year-old boy presented with peritonitis and was diagnosed with four Wilms tumors across both kidneys.
• The patient underwent partial nephrectomies for three tumors in the right kidney and a left lower nephrectomy.

Findings:

• Histologic confirmation of Wilms tumor in all resected specimens.
• Post-operative chemotherapy for one year.
• The child remains asymptomatic and is developing normally six years post-treatment.

Implications:

• Partial nephrectomies represent a conservative surgical approach for bilateral Wilms tumors.
• Successful management can be achieved with a combination of surgery and chemotherapy, preserving long-term health.