Actinoplanes deserti sp. nov., isolated from a desert soil sample

Area of Science:

• Microbiology
• Actinobacteria Taxonomy
• Desert Microbiology

Background:

• Actinomycetes are crucial soil microorganisms with diverse metabolic capabilities.
• The genus Actinoplanes is known for producing bioactive compounds.
• Exploration of unique environments like deserts can yield novel microbial species.

Purpose of the Study:

• To isolate and characterize a novel actinomycete from a Chinese desert soil sample.
• To determine the taxonomic position of the novel isolate using a polyphasic approach.
• To propose a new species within the genus Actinoplanes.

Main Methods:

• Isolation of strain YIM CF22^T from desert soil.
• Polyphasic taxonomic analysis including morphology, cell wall composition, chemotaxonomy (menaquinone, polar lipids, fatty acids, whole cell sugars), and G+C content determination.
• 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and phylogenetic analysis.
• DNA-DNA relatedness studies.

Main Results:

• Strain YIM CF22^T forms irregular sporangia and possesses meso-diaminopimelic acid in its cell wall.
• Chemotaxonomic analysis revealed MK-9(H₄) as the major menaquinone and identified specific polar lipids, whole cell sugars, and major fatty acids.
• 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed highest similarity to Actinoplanes rishiriensis (97.0%), with phylogenetic analysis placing it within the Actinoplanes genus.
• DNA-DNA relatedness supported its status as a distinct species.

Conclusions:

• Strain YIM CF22^T represents a novel species of the genus Actinoplanes.
• The proposed name for this new species is Actinoplanes deserti sp. nov.
• The type strain is YIM CF22^T (KCTC 39543^T = CCTCC AB2018113^T).