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Language processing fluency and verbal working memory in prelingually deaf long-term cochlear implant users: A pilot

William G Kronenberger1,2, Shirley C Henning2, Allison M Ditmars2

  • 1a Department of Psychiatry , Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis , IN , USA.

Cochlear Implants International
|July 7, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cochlear implant (CI) users rely more on verbal working memory (WM) to process language compared to normal-hearing peers. This study validates a dual-task method to assess this WM dependency in basic language tasks.

Keywords:
Cochlear implantDeafnessExecutive functioningLanguageWorking memory

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Audiology
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Verbal working memory (WM) is crucial for spoken language processing.
  • Prelingually deaf individuals with cochlear implants (CIs) show stronger correlations between WM and spoken language skills.
  • This suggests CIs users may utilize WM to compensate for effortful language processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the feasibility and validity of a dual-task method.
  • To investigate the causal role of WM in basic language processing, specifically lexical access speed.
  • To compare WM demands in CI users and normal-hearing (NH) peers.

Main Methods:

  • A dual-task paradigm was employed, requiring participants to perform lexical access speed tests (picture naming, lexical decision) under standard and WM load conditions.
  • Participants held numerals in WM while completing language tasks.
  • The study included 9 CI users (ages 8-26) and 9 NH peers.

Main Results:

  • CI users exhibited greater dual-task interference than NH peers, indicating higher dependence on WM for lexical access.
  • Dual-task interference scores correlated significantly with executive functioning (EF) measures.
  • This supports the dual-task method's ability to reflect EF involvement in language processing.

Conclusions:

  • The dual-task WM method is feasible and valid for studying WM's influence on CI users' language processing.
  • CI users demonstrate a greater reliance on WM as a compensatory strategy for basic language processing.
  • This highlights the significant role of WM in supporting spoken language in early-implanted CI users.