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Related Concept Videos

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic...
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously...
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Induced-fit Model01:13

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Most chemical reactions in cells require enzymes—biological catalysts that speed up the reaction without being consumed or permanently changed. They reduce the activation energy needed to convert the reactants into products. Enzymes are proteins, that usually work by binding to a substrate—a reactant molecule that they act upon.
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Transfecting and Nucleofecting Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
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Modelling microglial function with induced pluripotent stem cells: an update.

Jennifer M Pocock1, Thomas M Piers2

  • 1Department of Neuroinflammation, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, UK. j.pocock@ucl.ac.uk.

Nature Reviews. Neuroscience
|July 7, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microglia and macrophages are key immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS) and body. New methods using induced pluripotent stem cells are advancing the study and production of microglia for research.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Stem Cell Biology

Background:

  • Microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS), and peripheral macrophages play critical roles in both health and disease.
  • Understanding these cells is crucial for developing treatments for neurological disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in the production of microglia using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
  • To explore how these new methodologies will enhance future research on microglia.

Main Methods:

  • Discussion of recent technological progress in generating specific cell types from iPSCs.
  • Application of iPSC technology for microglia production.

Main Results:

  • Technological advances facilitate the generation of microglia from iPSCs.
  • This methodology offers new avenues for studying microglia.

Conclusions:

  • The development of iPSC-based methods for microglia production represents a significant step forward.
  • These advancements will greatly contribute to our understanding of microglia function in physiology and pathology.