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Development and Evaluation of Diagnostic Criteria for Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease
Peizeng Yang1, Yuanyuan Zhong1, Liping Du1
1The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
Insights
A new diagnostic criteria for Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease, the DCV, demonstrates higher sensitivity and negative predictive value compared to the RDC. This advancement in diagnosing VKH disease offers improved accuracy for clinicians.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Immunology
- Rheumatology
Background:
- Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease diagnosis lacks well-defined criteria.
- Accurate diagnostic criteria are crucial for timely and effective management of VKH disease.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate a novel set of diagnostic criteria for VKH disease.
- To compare the performance of the new criteria against existing standards.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study involving over 1200 patients with VKH disease and non-VKH uveitis from China.
- Latent class analysis was used to identify key clinical findings for the new criteria.
- The Diagnostic Criteria for VKH Disease (DCV) were developed and evaluated.
Main Results:
- The DCV demonstrated significantly higher sensitivity (94.6%) and negative predictive value (94.3%) compared to the Revised Diagnostic Criteria for VKH Disease (RDC).
- Specificity and positive predictive value of DCV were comparable to the RDC.
- The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for DCV (0.934) was superior to the RDC (0.829).
Conclusions:
- The developed Diagnostic Criteria for VKH Disease (DCV) show superior performance in sensitivity and negative predictive value compared to the RDC in a Chinese population.
- The DCV's high accuracy suggests potential for improved VKH disease diagnosis.
- Further validation in prospective studies across diverse ethnic groups is recommended.
Importance:
To our knowledge, a set of well-defined diagnostic criteria is not yet developed for the diagnosis of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease.
Objective:
To develop and evaluate a set of diagnostic criteria for VKH disease using data from Chinese patients.
Design, Setting, And Participants:
This case-control study reviewed medical records of patients from a tertiary referral center between October 2011 and October 2016. Data from 634 patients with VKH disease and 623 patients with non-VKH uveitis from southern China were used to develop the Diagnostic Criteria for VKH Disease (DCV). Data from an additional group of 537 patients with a definite VKH disease diagnosis and 525 patients with non-VKH uveitis from northern China were used to evaluate the diagnostic criteria.
Main Outcomes And Measures:
Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and receiver operating characteristic.
Results:
Of the 1257 patients used to construct the DCV, 665 (52.9%) were male, and the mean (SD) age at disease onset was 38.6 (13.6) years. The 3-class model and 21 clinical findings were selected by latent class analysis. Variables with a high positive rate in the early-phase or late-phase VKH group or high specificity constituted essential parameters. Constellations of these essential parameters constructed the DCV. The sensitivity and NPV of the DCV were higher than those of the Revised Diagnostic Criteria for VKH Disease (RDC) (sensitivity: 94.6% vs 71.9%; difference, 22.7%; 95% CI, 18.5-27.0; NPV: 94.3% vs 76.6%; difference, 17.7%; 95% CI, 13.9-21.5). The specificity and PPV of the DCV were not different from that of the RDC (specificity: 92.2% vs 93.9%; difference, 1.7%; 95% CI, -1.4 to 4.8; PPV: 89.3% vs 92.3%; difference, 3.0%; 95% CI, -1.4 to 4.8). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the DCV and the RDC were 0.934 (95% CI, 0.917-0.951) and 0.829 (95% CI, 0.803-0.855), respectively.
Conclusions And Relevance:
The DCV were developed and evaluated using data from Chinese patients with VKH disease and showed a high sensitivity, NPV, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve in comparison with the RDC. However, they were developed using a retrospective analysis and should be evaluated in prospective studies in other racial/ethnic populations.
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