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Target-cell membrane alterations induced by lymphotoxin. Ultrastructural observations.

D S Friend, W Rosenau

The American Journal of Pathology

|January 1, 1977

Summary

Lymphotoxin, a key mediator of lymphocyte-mediated cell killing, localizes to target cell membranes. This study reveals its patchy distribution and associated membrane alterations in L cells.

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Imaging Cell Membrane Injury and Subcellular Processes Involved in Repair

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Published on: March 24, 2014

Area of Science:

Immunology
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology

Background:

Lymphocytes release lymphokines upon stimulation.
Lymphotoxin is a lymphokine involved in lymphocyte-mediated cytolysis.
The precise mechanism and localization of lymphotoxin action require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the localization of lymphotoxin on target cell membranes.
To examine the ultrastructural changes in cells exposed to lymphotoxin.

Main Methods:

Immuno-electron microscopy using labeled antibodies.
Electron microscopy of freeze-fracture replicas of lymphotoxin-affected cells.

Main Results:

Lymphotoxin was observed in a patchy distribution on the plasma membranes of target L cells.
These membrane areas often overlaid a microfilament web.
Freeze-fracture electron microscopy revealed aggregated and particle-free membrane regions, along with plasma membrane lesions resembling blisters.

Conclusions:

Lymphotoxin exhibits specific localization patterns on target cell membranes.
The observed membrane alterations suggest a direct role of lymphotoxin in inducing cytolysis through membrane damage.